Questions tagged [dissipation]
The dissipation tag has no usage guidance.
0
votes
0answers
17 views
Damped forced vibration Calculating amplitude and phase angle
Consider that we have the following forced vibration with preload ($kxo$) spring.
$$m\ddot{x}+c\dot{x}+k( x+xo) = F_0 \sin{(\omega t)}$$
Assuming that the solution must be a harmonic form but with ...
1
vote
1answer
27 views
Absence of dissipative forces in a reversible process
I can't understand why dissipative forces must be absent during a reversible transformation. Aren't they a way of exchanging heat with ambient? Since the system is allowed to exchange heat with the ...
0
votes
0answers
36 views
Klein-Gordon/Maxwell Equation: dissipative or dispersive?
In Aspects of Symmetry, Coleman says (p. 185)
''Most of the simple field theories with which we are familiar have the
property that all of their non-singular solutions of finite total energy are ...
5
votes
1answer
98 views
How can dissipative/friction terms be incorporated into a Lagrangian?
I'm trying to find a suitable Lagrangian for a damped harmonic oscillator, a system that satisfies the following equation of motion:
$$m \ddot{x} + \gamma \dot{x} + \frac{d\phi}{dx} = 0.$$
What I ...
1
vote
1answer
78 views
Why don't objects bounce infinitely?
I'm computer programmer, and I was making a little test of my “possibilities”, so to speak, so I made a small game with sort of gravity, bouncing ball and walls around.
Recently I've noticed that ...
0
votes
0answers
31 views
${}$Transformer efficiency
I know the relationship between number of turns current and voltage of a transformer, but is there a formula linking the relationship between number of iron cores and output voltage of a transformer?
...
0
votes
2answers
42 views
Work transfer to the contents of an ideal thermos flask
Assuming the thermos to be ideal and the fluid stored inside it also ideal and non-viscous.
For a cold fluid, is it possible to increase the fluid's temperature by shaking the thermos flask? Can the ...
0
votes
1answer
103 views
Why is it better to accelerate electrons in a linear collider?
An accelerated charge (say an electron for simplicity) emits photons. Changing direction of movement is an acceleration. Electron-positron collisions are preferably done in linear colliders. But why ...
19
votes
4answers
5k views
Will tsunami waves travel forever if there was no land?
If there was no land for tsunami waves to collide with, can the waves travel around the globe for forever?
1
vote
1answer
51 views
What happens with the energy released after a particles collision?
From the website of CERN: "Collisions in the LHC generate temperatures more than 100,000 times hotter than the centre of the Sun.". My question is, what happens to the energy released after the ...
0
votes
0answers
40 views
Where exactly does the drag force come from when using eddy currents?
I read the Wikipedia page on eddy currents and the explanation for braking confused me
At the leading edge of the magnet (left side) by the right hand rule the counterclockwise current creates a ...
0
votes
1answer
50 views
Sign of the work done by dissipation forces
I don't understand this passage from the book I'm reading:
Physically, it is clear that a system cannot be conservative if
friction or other dissipation forces are present, because
$\mathbf{F}\...
-4
votes
1answer
50 views
Perpetual Motion Machine 1: Magnetic Superconductor Loop Generating Energy with Piezoelectrics [closed]
I know there are a lot of perpetual motion machine designs out there, but I haven't found one that looks like this one. I will use this diagram.
Assume the entire ring is made of a superconducting "...
1
vote
1answer
72 views
What is complex frequency? [closed]
I am learning EE, and about complex frequencies, but what is its physical meaning? What is it used for? Why is it? And only happen in the laplace transform?
1
vote
2answers
94 views
what are the sources of energy loss for a ball rolling down slope?
I am experimenting in lab with an iron sphere rolling down a smooth aluminum ramp.
The final velocity is smaller than the one predicted assuming energy conservation (see calculations below), which ...
4
votes
1answer
66 views
What is the difference between Non-Conservative and Dissipative?
We often hear these terms. However, they are often confused to be synonyms, but they are not.
What are the rigorous definitions of them?
0
votes
3answers
58 views
Potential, Kinetic, Thermal Energy?
When things move, potential energy turns into Kinetic energy, right? Then how does Kinetic energy convert to thermal energy?
12
votes
3answers
9k views
Why can't we make a perpetual motion machine by using a magnet to pull up a piece of metal, then letting it fall back down? [duplicate]
Obviously, a perpetuum mobile isn't possible by any law in physics, because energy can't be "created" or "destroyed", only transformed.
This said, I've had an idea for a perpetuum mobile and can't ...
0
votes
1answer
49 views
LC-circuit and the current
A capacitor and a coil are charged in the LC circuit. When the circuit switch is closed, the current starts to flow. In theory the oscillations and the current do not deteriorate, but why in reality ...
1
vote
1answer
105 views
Why friction causes energy to be lost in terms of heat when it appears to be an energy transfer mechanicsm?
For example, when we move/walk, we apply a force (via friction) on earth, and the earth in turn on us. So essentially I see it as an energy transfer as follows:
Suppose I move in same direction as ...
1
vote
0answers
37 views
Lagrangian for first order equation of motion? [duplicate]
Let us have the following equation of motion (it might not necessarily correspond to a physical system):
$$\dot{x} + a \cdot x + b \cdot x^2 + c=0.$$
I would like to deduce the corresponding ...
1
vote
2answers
91 views
Are there any time-periodic solutions to Einstein's equations apart from black holes?
Are there any solutions to Einstein's equations which are periodic in time?
A black hole only has mass, charge and angular momentum according to the no-hair theorem. (Although this might just mean in ...
-1
votes
1answer
34 views
Dissipation of energy in inductors
Please explain the dissipation of energy in a circuit containing a resistance and inductor after the switched in the circuit is opened.I mean how do you explain that the energy that is across inductor ...
0
votes
2answers
37 views
Damped drive oscillating systems
I am currently looking at the theory of find the viscosity of and object through damped harmonic motion, and tho it can be done there is obviously a limitation with regrades to the medium. If the ...
1
vote
1answer
68 views
Greiner's Green's function for diffusion
I am reading Greiner's "Quantum Electrodynamics". In example 1.5 he derives the Green's function for diffusion. I am stuck on a step in the derivation.
He has the defining differential equation as
$$
...
-1
votes
3answers
104 views
Why do energy transfers always result some heat loss?
explain that energy transfers and transformations in mechanical systems always result in some heat loss to the environment. Like why is it necessary for a heat loss?
0
votes
2answers
84 views
How is the simple damper equation derived?
I know the spring is modeled as $F_{\text{elastic}} = k\cdot x$ when the displacements are small since this is empirically based, but what happens with $F_{\text{damping}}=c\cdot\dot{x}$? It is the ...
0
votes
2answers
123 views
Harmonic motion with friction [closed]
Consider an undamped mass and spring system with friction. The friction is not proportional to the velocity of the mass. If we solve the corresponding differential equation,the spring will oscillate ...
1
vote
1answer
75 views
Explanation of a spring using “Artistotle's law of motion”, $\vec{F}=m\vec{v}$
So I was watching Susskind's Classical Mechanics lectures and I didn't understand something in the second lecture.
He was telling about Aristotle's Law of motion which is $$\vec F = m\vec v.$$
He ...
3
votes
1answer
69 views
Exact form of the damped wave equation
The undamped wave equation has the standard form
\begin{equation*}
\frac{\partial^2 \psi}{\partial t^2}=c^2\nabla^2\psi
\end{equation*}
while the damped wave equation is frequenly found written in ...
7
votes
2answers
1k views
How much energy is wasted by a noisy refrigerator?
I recently bought a new refrigerator for my kitchen. The feet are adjustable but I've been lazy.
Whenever the motor runs and the feet aren't all touching the floor there is a loud buzzing noise. As ...
-1
votes
1answer
38 views
Potential energy-Conservative forces
Does potential energy exist because conservative forces exist?
Can a system of objects that interact with dissipative forces have potential energy?
4
votes
3answers
78 views
Is there an intuitive reason the resistance that maximizes power dissipation in this simple circuit has a simple form?
Consider the following circuit:
A textbook problem[2] asks to find the resistance $R$ such that the power dissipated in $R$ is maximized (assuming $R_1$ and $R_2$ are fixed).
I found that $R$ should ...
0
votes
1answer
32 views
Damped mechanical wave
a string with density $\rho$ and tension $T$ is bound at it's two ends at $x=0$ and $x=L$. there is a force acting on the string proportional to the velocity $F(x,t)= -2\gamma \rho \dot \psi(x,t)$ ...
1
vote
3answers
87 views
If the molecular collisions are elastic will there be any dissipation in a fluid?
Viscosity arises due to collisions of the molecules of one layer of a fluid with another in contact. But viscosity is a dissipative element leading to heating and dissipation. Where does it heat come ...
0
votes
1answer
97 views
Airflow velocity and volume loss due to friction
I have a vacuum that the manufacturer claims capable of moving 20,000 cfm of air. In my application we often connect 150 feet of 6 inch diameter, smooth bore, flexible tubing to the vacuum. I know ...
0
votes
1answer
180 views
Energy dissipation for force-free, incompressible Navier-Stokes equation with tangent boundary conditions on bounded domains
I consider the Navier-Stokes equation for uniformly incompressible, force-free, Newtonian fluids with constant viscosity. The equations describing the situation are:
$\partial_tv-v\times \text{curl}(...
2
votes
1answer
65 views
Is the violation of time-reversal always associated with the violation of time-translation and vice-versa?
Is the violation of time-reversal symmetry always associated with the violation of time-translation symmetry? What about the converse? Is it possible for one to be violated while the other remaining ...
0
votes
2answers
123 views
Significance of the complex component in the underdamped harmonic motion equation [closed]
The following differential equation represents the motion of a body of mass $m$ and displacement $x$ from the mean position, that is attached to a spring of force constant $a$ and viscous damping ...
0
votes
1answer
40 views
Why do we need to have a low voltage drop over long distances in transmission of electricity? [closed]
It is said that AC is preferred over DC because of the negligible voltage drop over long distances. How does that work?
2
votes
2answers
205 views
Why does height affect bounce efficiency?
I recently conducted an experiment, where I dropped tennis balls from various heights and recorded their rebound heights. The higher the drop, the higher the rebound height, obviously. However, the ...
1
vote
4answers
97 views
How do charges lose electrical potential energy when going through a resistor?
I can understand that the charges need to do work against the resistance - which transfers energy to forms such as light, heat, etcetera - using the electrostatic force provided by the battery ...
2
votes
2answers
105 views
Exact equation of exponential curves of underdamped harmonic motion
I was studying the underdamped harmonic motion and got curious about the fact that the decreasing exponentials $\pm Ae^{-\gamma t}$ are good approximations only for light damping $(\gamma<<\...
2
votes
4answers
167 views
Why do we use the RMS but not the fourth root mean quad?
Why do we use the power of $2$? What is the relation between this and having the same heat energy in both AC and DC?
13
votes
2answers
297 views
Numerical Simulation of Stochastic Master Equation using Stochastic Schrödinger Equation (Wave Function Monte Carlo)
Consider a time independent system coupled to a Markovian bath, the equation of motion for the density matrix of the system has to take the form
\begin{equation}
\dot{\rho} = - i \left[H,\rho\right] -...
3
votes
3answers
86 views
Do power supplies have to heat up?
Is there a fundamental reason why a power supply, say, from 120v AC to 12v DC, has to lose some power to heat dissipation?
I am not asking why current engineering solutions do; I'm aware that ...
1
vote
1answer
210 views
Maxwell's wheel and friction
We experimented with the Maxwell's wheel today and at the end we were asked about why does this apparatus stop since there is conservation of energy.
I did some research and apparently there is a type ...
1
vote
1answer
92 views
PT-symmetric hamiltonians: Transition from non-dissipative to dissipative system
It is known that Spectrum of a non-hermitian hamiltonian is complex ($E_n-i\gamma_n$) and they represent the dissipative system. eg, Damped harmonic oscillator(DHO), where $E_n$ are the energies of ...
5
votes
1answer
135 views
Noether's Theorem, Boundary-Bulk, and Open Thermodynamic Systems
Before going any further, I should emphasize that I know we cannot use the action principle for locally dissipative systems or even Noether's theorem for that matter. There are plenty of stackexchange ...
1
vote
1answer
523 views
How is the rate of decay of a Newton's Cradle affected by the number of spheres in the system?
How does the number of spheres in a Newton's Cradle affect its rate of decay? (assuming only 1 sphere is released initially)
From experiment, I observed that the rate of decay of a 5 sphere Newton's ...
