Questions tagged [dissipation]
The dissipation tag has no usage guidance.
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How do electrons lose their kinetic energy in ideal wire?
Electrons keep accelerating due to the electric field (produced by the battery) along the circuit. So electrons gain kinetic energy, hence their drift velocity changes. But this is not the case: ...
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1answer
41 views
Can a Peltier/Seebeck cell transfer energy from a “thermally insulated” system converting (a part of) thermal energy into electrical energy?
Suppose you have a closed system, as per the schema attached below, which walls are thermally insulated.
Suppose you want to reduce the temperature of the fluid inside the closed system, without ...
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1answer
42 views
Reduce temperature of fluid inside an isolated system without dissipating heat
Suppose you have a perfectly isolated system filled with a fluid, which cannot transfer heat nor matter to the external environment.
Suppose you want to reduce the temperature of the fluid within ...
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Solutions to Non-Ideal Gyroscopic Equations
In my work with gyroscopes, I have correctly derived the Lagrangian of a 3d top or gyroscope as
$L=\frac{1}{2}I_{xy}(\dot{\phi}sin^2(\theta)+\dot{\theta}^2) + \frac{1}{2}I_{zz}(\dot{\phi}cos^2(\theta)...
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49 views
Work done over a closed loop
Is it true that the work done in the motion of a body over a closed loop is zero for every force in nature?
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60 views
Thermodynamics: how does the deformation of partially elastic materials produce heat?
When a perfectly elastic material is deformed, the energy associated with the strain remains stored in the body as elastic potential energy, called strain energy. Upon the removal of the deforming ...
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4answers
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How do resistors generate different heat if we make the current fixed and changed the voltage and resistance? Notice the flow of charge is constant
Consider having a circuit which consists of a battery and one resistor.
$V = 10$ volts, $R = 5$ ohms, so $I = 2$ Amperes, and
$P = 20$ watts.
If we double the voltage and resistance, the current ...
3
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1answer
53 views
In Feynman lecture Vol1. chapter12 about friction, $F = μN$ will fail because of the excessive heat generated. Why is that?
$F = μN$ will fail because of the excessive heat generated if the normal force or the speed of motion gets too big. Why is that?
"$F = μN$, where μ is called the coefficient of friction (Fig. 12-1)....
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1answer
55 views
Examples of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians in open systems?
I have often heard the statement that non-Hermitian Hamiltonians can be used to describe open systems, since the dynamics are non-unitary. However, I have not been able to find any examples of a non-...
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1answer
43 views
Damped forced Oscillation with variable external frequency
Consider that we have the following forced vibration with an input frequency $ω(t)$ variable in time.
$$m\ddot{x}+c\dot{x}+kx = F_0 \sin{(\omega(t) t)}$$
Assuming that the solution must be a ...
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1answer
27 views
Absence of dissipative forces in a reversible process
I can't understand why dissipative forces must be absent during a reversible transformation. Aren't they a way of exchanging heat with ambient? Since the system is allowed to exchange heat with the ...
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Klein-Gordon/Maxwell Equation: dissipative or dispersive?
In Aspects of Symmetry, Coleman says (p. 185)
''Most of the simple field theories with which we are familiar have the
property that all of their non-singular solutions of finite total energy are ...
5
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1answer
102 views
How can dissipative/friction terms be incorporated into a Lagrangian?
I'm trying to find a suitable Lagrangian for a damped harmonic oscillator, a system that satisfies the following equation of motion:
$$m \ddot{x} + \gamma \dot{x} + \frac{d\phi}{dx} = 0.$$
What I ...
1
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1answer
81 views
Why don't objects bounce infinitely?
I'm computer programmer, and I was making a little test of my “possibilities”, so to speak, so I made a small game with sort of gravity, bouncing ball and walls around.
Recently I've noticed that ...
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31 views
${}$Transformer efficiency
I know the relationship between number of turns current and voltage of a transformer, but is there a formula linking the relationship between number of iron cores and output voltage of a transformer?
...
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2answers
44 views
Work transfer to the contents of an ideal thermos flask
Assuming the thermos to be ideal and the fluid stored inside it also ideal and non-viscous.
For a cold fluid, is it possible to increase the fluid's temperature by shaking the thermos flask? Can the ...
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1answer
104 views
Why is it better to accelerate electrons in a linear collider?
An accelerated charge (say an electron for simplicity) emits photons. Changing direction of movement is an acceleration. Electron-positron collisions are preferably done in linear colliders. But why ...
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4answers
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Will tsunami waves travel forever if there was no land?
If there was no land for tsunami waves to collide with, can the waves travel around the globe for forever?
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1answer
51 views
What happens with the energy released after a particles collision?
From the website of CERN: "Collisions in the LHC generate temperatures more than 100,000 times hotter than the centre of the Sun.". My question is, what happens to the energy released after the ...
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40 views
Where exactly does the drag force come from when using eddy currents?
I read the Wikipedia page on eddy currents and the explanation for braking confused me
At the leading edge of the magnet (left side) by the right hand rule the counterclockwise current creates a ...
0
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1answer
51 views
Sign of the work done by dissipation forces
I don't understand this passage from the book I'm reading:
Physically, it is clear that a system cannot be conservative if
friction or other dissipation forces are present, because
$\mathbf{F}\...
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1answer
50 views
Perpetual Motion Machine 1: Magnetic Superconductor Loop Generating Energy with Piezoelectrics [closed]
I know there are a lot of perpetual motion machine designs out there, but I haven't found one that looks like this one. I will use this diagram.
Assume the entire ring is made of a superconducting "...
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1answer
72 views
What is complex frequency? [closed]
I am learning EE, and about complex frequencies, but what is its physical meaning? What is it used for? Why is it? And only happen in the laplace transform?
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2answers
106 views
what are the sources of energy loss for a ball rolling down slope?
I am experimenting in lab with an iron sphere rolling down a smooth aluminum ramp.
The final velocity is smaller than the one predicted assuming energy conservation (see calculations below), which ...
4
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1answer
67 views
What is the difference between Non-Conservative and Dissipative?
We often hear these terms. However, they are often confused to be synonyms, but they are not.
What are the rigorous definitions of them?
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Potential, Kinetic, Thermal Energy?
When things move, potential energy turns into Kinetic energy, right? Then how does Kinetic energy convert to thermal energy?
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3answers
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Why can't we make a perpetual motion machine by using a magnet to pull up a piece of metal, then letting it fall back down? [duplicate]
Obviously, a perpetuum mobile isn't possible by any law in physics, because energy can't be "created" or "destroyed", only transformed.
This said, I've had an idea for a perpetuum mobile and can't ...
0
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1answer
50 views
LC-circuit and the current
A capacitor and a coil are charged in the LC circuit. When the circuit switch is closed, the current starts to flow. In theory the oscillations and the current do not deteriorate, but why in reality ...
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1answer
117 views
Why friction causes energy to be lost in terms of heat when it appears to be an energy transfer mechanicsm?
For example, when we move/walk, we apply a force (via friction) on earth, and the earth in turn on us. So essentially I see it as an energy transfer as follows:
Suppose I move in same direction as ...
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0answers
37 views
Lagrangian for first order equation of motion? [duplicate]
Let us have the following equation of motion (it might not necessarily correspond to a physical system):
$$\dot{x} + a \cdot x + b \cdot x^2 + c=0.$$
I would like to deduce the corresponding ...
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2answers
92 views
Are there any time-periodic solutions to Einstein's equations apart from black holes?
Are there any solutions to Einstein's equations which are periodic in time?
A black hole only has mass, charge and angular momentum according to the no-hair theorem. (Although this might just mean in ...
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1answer
35 views
Dissipation of energy in inductors
Please explain the dissipation of energy in a circuit containing a resistance and inductor after the switched in the circuit is opened.I mean how do you explain that the energy that is across inductor ...
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2answers
39 views
Damped drive oscillating systems
I am currently looking at the theory of find the viscosity of and object through damped harmonic motion, and tho it can be done there is obviously a limitation with regrades to the medium. If the ...
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1answer
71 views
Greiner's Green's function for diffusion
I am reading Greiner's "Quantum Electrodynamics". In example 1.5 he derives the Green's function for diffusion. I am stuck on a step in the derivation.
He has the defining differential equation as
$$
...
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3answers
108 views
Why do energy transfers always result some heat loss?
explain that energy transfers and transformations in mechanical systems always result in some heat loss to the environment. Like why is it necessary for a heat loss?
0
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2answers
93 views
How is the simple damper equation derived?
I know the spring is modeled as $F_{\text{elastic}} = k\cdot x$ when the displacements are small since this is empirically based, but what happens with $F_{\text{damping}}=c\cdot\dot{x}$? It is the ...
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2answers
128 views
Harmonic motion with friction [closed]
Consider an undamped mass and spring system with friction. The friction is not proportional to the velocity of the mass. If we solve the corresponding differential equation,the spring will oscillate ...
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1answer
76 views
Explanation of a spring using “Artistotle's law of motion”, $\vec{F}=m\vec{v}$
So I was watching Susskind's Classical Mechanics lectures and I didn't understand something in the second lecture.
He was telling about Aristotle's Law of motion which is $$\vec F = m\vec v.$$
He ...
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1answer
76 views
Exact form of the damped wave equation
The undamped wave equation has the standard form
\begin{equation*}
\frac{\partial^2 \psi}{\partial t^2}=c^2\nabla^2\psi
\end{equation*}
while the damped wave equation is frequenly found written in ...
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2answers
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How much energy is wasted by a noisy refrigerator?
I recently bought a new refrigerator for my kitchen. The feet are adjustable but I've been lazy.
Whenever the motor runs and the feet aren't all touching the floor there is a loud buzzing noise. As ...
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1answer
40 views
Potential energy-Conservative forces
Does potential energy exist because conservative forces exist?
Can a system of objects that interact with dissipative forces have potential energy?
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3answers
81 views
Is there an intuitive reason the resistance that maximizes power dissipation in this simple circuit has a simple form?
Consider the following circuit:
A textbook problem[2] asks to find the resistance $R$ such that the power dissipated in $R$ is maximized (assuming $R_1$ and $R_2$ are fixed).
I found that $R$ should ...
0
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1answer
33 views
Damped mechanical wave
a string with density $\rho$ and tension $T$ is bound at it's two ends at $x=0$ and $x=L$. there is a force acting on the string proportional to the velocity $F(x,t)= -2\gamma \rho \dot \psi(x,t)$ ...
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3answers
93 views
If the molecular collisions are elastic will there be any dissipation in a fluid?
Viscosity arises due to collisions of the molecules of one layer of a fluid with another in contact. But viscosity is a dissipative element leading to heating and dissipation. Where does it heat come ...
0
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1answer
97 views
Airflow velocity and volume loss due to friction
I have a vacuum that the manufacturer claims capable of moving 20,000 cfm of air. In my application we often connect 150 feet of 6 inch diameter, smooth bore, flexible tubing to the vacuum. I know ...
0
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1answer
198 views
Energy dissipation for force-free, incompressible Navier-Stokes equation with tangent boundary conditions on bounded domains
I consider the Navier-Stokes equation for uniformly incompressible, force-free, Newtonian fluids with constant viscosity. The equations describing the situation are:
$\partial_tv-v\times \text{curl}(...
2
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1answer
68 views
Is the violation of time-reversal always associated with the violation of time-translation and vice-versa?
Is the violation of time-reversal symmetry always associated with the violation of time-translation symmetry? What about the converse? Is it possible for one to be violated while the other remaining ...
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2answers
133 views
Significance of the complex component in the underdamped harmonic motion equation [closed]
The following differential equation represents the motion of a body of mass $m$ and displacement $x$ from the mean position, that is attached to a spring of force constant $a$ and viscous damping ...
0
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1answer
40 views
Why do we need to have a low voltage drop over long distances in transmission of electricity? [closed]
It is said that AC is preferred over DC because of the negligible voltage drop over long distances. How does that work?
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2answers
213 views
Why does height affect bounce efficiency?
I recently conducted an experiment, where I dropped tennis balls from various heights and recorded their rebound heights. The higher the drop, the higher the rebound height, obviously. However, the ...
