Questions tagged [fluid-dynamics]
The quantitative study of how fluids (gases and liquids) move.
3,882 questions
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But how exactly do you calculate the Joukowsky Airfoil, within a minimal margin of error?
After reading a fair bit of theory around the uses of conformal mapping to solve for the forces of lift acting on a wing, or a 2D cross section of the wing, in relation to the angle of attack. However ...
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Difference between laminar and steady flow
I am having a hard time relating these five terms which describe the dynamic flow of a liquid: Laminar flow, streamline flow, transient flow, steady flow and turbulent flow.
Which of these yerms are ...
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4answers
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Why does air move from higher to lower pressure?
Somebody answered this question elsewhere and said it's because there is a higher force acting at the high pressure region compared to the low pressure region so a net force pushes it towards the ...
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Sound emitted by droplets hitting a liquid surface
when a liquid jet (e.g. water) hits a water surface sound may be produced if, due to Plateau Rayleigh instability, the water jet has formed into droplets.
But what exactly causes the sound? Is it the ...
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Why does air get trapped below water pouring into a glass?
The drinking-water-tap at my workplace has a low pressure continuous stream of water. When I pour water into a glass which has at least about (depth) 5cm of water in it, surprisingly large air bubbles ...
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Fluid mechanics, symplectic structure, the Hamiltonian, and vorticity
Consider an inviscid irrotational fluid in two dimensions. There are some explicit connections with symplectic geometry that I do not understand. I am not well versed in the later topic, so please ...
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Convergent Flow [on hold]
Need some help with this fluid dynamics question please.
A high-speed drill required cooling to ensure that it does not overheat while in use. To achieve this, high-pressure air is directed through ...
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Does a body shaped like a cone travel faster through water than a double cone? [on hold]
I read somewhere recently that a cone weightd so that it falls with point forward through water, falls faster than a double cone, of the same mass.
Is this true, and if so, why?
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Physical interpretation of a singular pde [on hold]
Can you kindly have a look at the following question attached in the link below:
https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/3058490/physical-interpretation-of-a-singular-pde?noredirect=1#...
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Flow generated by vortex near a rigid cylinder
I have a problem with complex potential and can't figure out how to approach it properly.
The problem:
Find flow around cylinder of radius $a$ generated by vortex of cicrculation $\Gamma$ at point $b$...
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1answer
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How can mass flux be defined for a one-dimensional flow?
I am reading a textbook where an example of a one-dimensional binary diffusion is given. In a binary system composed of substances A and B, we write a relation for the substance A:
$\dot{m}_A'' = Y_A(...
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Problem about fluid flow in a pipe [closed]
Water at 15°C flows by gravity from one deposit to another, which has its water level 20 meters lower than the first one, on a smooth pipe with a 50 mm diameter and a 100 meters length.
Calculate the ...
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Calculating value of $g$ from Torricelli's law
For my Physics project, I decided to do an experiment with fluids. I'm using the Torricelli's law to verify that the value of acceleration due to gravity on earth is $9.81m/s^2$.
I am using the ...
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Mean squared velocity in Poiseuille flow
For fully developed laminar Poiseuille flow in a tube, I came across this relation:
$$ \bar{u^2} = 2 u_b^2 $$
where $u_b$ is the bulk or mean velocity, defined by:
$$ u_b = \frac{1}{\rho A} \int_A \...
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2answers
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What Is The Lowest Temperature At Which A Fluid Will Flow?
I’m studying Hydraulics, and this week we’re talking about viscosity and fluid properties and I came across this question but I can’t find the answer anywhere in my books. Please help.
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How long for released dye to uniformly saturate the oceans?
Suppose a supertanker filled with purple dye breaks open at a particular point in the middle of the Pacific Ocean and spills an enormous volume of purple dye into the ocean all at once.
Imagine that ...
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How to generate force with air pressure [closed]
I am trying to figure out how to generate a substantial force for a short period of time by releasing pressure in a small high-pressure air tank. A rough estimate of the force required is 40 ...
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How do you reckon my mattress works? [closed]
So I have one of those "sleep number" mattresses, made by Select Comfort. Good mattress. It contains two air chambers, and has a pump which can inflate or deflate these air chambers to the desired ...
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Surviving only on another's exhales? [closed]
While reading this - Surviving under water in air bubble - this question came to me:
How long can an adult person survive on breathing in only exhales of another adult person? Can this be even ...
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1answer
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Energy recovery from refinery cooling tower
Is there any possibility of recovering exhaust energy from a cooling tower by putting a wind turbine above it? Would this affect the performance of the cooling tower?
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1answer
40 views
Laminar Flow From Outdoor Faucet
I ran across a video recently that really caught my attention. It's been circling the internet over the past couple weeks, but I'm trying to figure out what's going on. Basically, it's a video of an ...
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0answers
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Pressure on a Heat Exchanger in a piping system
I have a piping system that is supplied by a centrifugal pump. The system consists of pipe, 2 heat exchangers, some elevation gain and loss and ends up in an atmospheric tank. If I wanted to know ...
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Swimming pool skimmer floating weir forces
How would I calculate the forces required to open the weir gate depending on the depth of the water? The pump is an impeller type, I want full flow to the pump. I assume there are also forces from ...
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1answer
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Viscoelastic Constitutive Relation
In the Mori-Zwanzig formalism, the following identification for the generalised shear viscosity $\eta(t)$ is given:
$$
\eta(t) = \frac{V}{k_B T} \langle \sigma(t) \sigma(0) \rangle,
$$
identified as ...
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Is there any use of a quadratic equation of state in FLRW cosmology?
Consider standard FLRW cosmology. Usually, the relation between energy density $\rho$ and pressure $p$ of a cosmological fluid component is linear:
\begin{equation}\tag{1}
p = w \, \rho,
\end{...
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why do fluids become less dense when heated?
I have been told that fluids expand and become less dense when heated, but i never been told why. So my question is why do fluids become less dense when heated? What is going on in a microscopic level ...
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Does surface tension increase for a flowing fluid?
When a fluid is moving with velocity V, what becomes of its surface tension, does it increase or decrease in value
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Converting this navier stokes solution into a incompressible solution?
I have an equation for a non-viscous compressible fluid with density, pressure and velocity given by:
$$ \begin{align}
\rho(x, y, z) &= \frac{3B}{a^2 + x^2 + y^2 + z^2} \\
p(x, y, z) &= \frac{...
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Risk of dying (fluid dynamics)
This is both a theoretical problem (whose resolution I am asking here) and a practical one just to underline a risk for people.
Let us assume that on a bank in a railway station a person of 100 Kg ...
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3answers
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Why tubes with lower cross sectional area has lower pressure than the tubes with high cross sectional area?
The tube with lower cross sectional area has a lower pressure than the tube with high cross sectional area, right? Why is that, how can I understand this intuitively and using bernoulli principle (or ...
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2answers
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Torricelli's law doesn't seem to apply in an experiment. Why could this be? What is going on?
For physics class we've done this experiment where we would measure the speed of the water escaping from a water bottle through a hole in a side of it. We would calculate the speed through kinematics ...
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1answer
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Non-conservative forces in Lagrangian mechanics
In the Lagrangian formalism with a dissipative frictional force $F$, we can write
$$\frac{d}{dt}\frac{\partial\mathcal{L}}{\partial\dot{q}_{k}}-\frac{\partial\mathcal{L}}{\partial q_{k}}=Q^{(nc)}_{k}...
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Adding a swirl to poiseuille flow
I came acroos this question and I have no clue how to answer it:
If we have poiselle flow in a circular pipe of Length $L$ and pressure gradient $\Delta P$ and introduce a swirl $u_\theta=\omega r$, ...
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2answers
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Could the cosmic fluid be better described as a kind of van der Waals gas, or a kind of foam, instead of a dust gas?
In cosmology, it is usually assumed that the cosmological fluid made of galaxies could be described as a gas of "particles" without any pressure (the dust gas), of density $\rho_{\text{matter}} \...
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1answer
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How fast does liquid rise in a capillary tube?
Take a small diameter tube, stick it in water, and surface tension will drive the fluid up through the tube. How fast is the fluid moving through the tube during this process?
Here's my attempt:
...
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Onsager reciprocal relations and Darcy's permeability tensor for anisotropic porous media
The wiki entry on soil tensor permeability states that
The tensor is symmetric by the Onsager reciprocal relations
Bear & Cheng (2010, p122)* state that:
The hydraulic conductivity tensor, $...
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2answers
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What are the similarities/differences between the behaviors of Quantum particles and bouncing droplets? [duplicate]
Bouncing droplets on a fluid surface show many weird behaviors of the quantum world. Look at this for example:
https://arxiv.org/abs/1307.6920
They can show tunneling, double-slit interference ...
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1answer
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On the evaporation of fluids
Q. In which portion (1,2,3) there will be maximum concentration of evaporated water droplets? Or there will be uniform distribution of droplets?
Background:
Today, I noticed something really strange ...
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1answer
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Siphon water from washing machine into sink next to it [closed]
I have a top-loading washing machine that has broke down and is full of water. Instead of getting a bucket to manually collect the water, I was thinking I could use a tube to siphon the water out of ...
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0answers
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Hydrostatic pressure vs static pressure in a fluid
hydrostatic pressure is the scalar and isotropic pressure exerted by a fluid at rest at a certain point inside the fluid itself on the neighboring fluid parcels or on on an elementary differential ...
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1answer
48 views
Is the velocity gradient of a homogeneous viscous fluid constant?
The formula for the viscosity of a fluid (or even a gas) is equal to
\begin{align*}
\frac{F}{A} =\mu\frac{du}{dz}
\end{align*}
where $F$ is the force applied to the top layer of the fluid, $A$ is the ...
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0answers
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Why do large eddies in turbulence break-up
This is probably a silly question. But, Why do large turbulent eddies break up into smaller ones?
A possible argument
Why can't they (large eddies) retain their size and gradually diffuse instead of ...
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1answer
36 views
Hydrostatic pressure: clarifications
Hydrostatic pressure is due to the weight of liquid. Do liquid molecules exert pressure on their neighbours molecules or only in objects that are in contact with them?
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1answer
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Curvature of fluid surface next to a floating sphere
I want to estimate the curvature $\kappa$ of the fluid surface next to a floating sphere. The situation is static and shown here:
The fluid density is $\rho$, downward gravity is $g$, sphere radius ...
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1answer
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Capillary length and Bond number confusion
The Bond number represents the ratio of gravity forces to surface tension forces, and is defined as
$$ Bo = \frac{\rho g L^2}{\sigma}$$
where $\rho$ is the fluid density, $g$ is gravitational ...
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Why does an ice-cube turn faster and faster while melting in water?
Whenever I put an ice-cube into a glass of hot water, so that it melts quickly, and it is initially rotating slowly, I noticed that its rotational speed increases as it melts and 'shrinks'. Why?
I ...
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When a carbonated drink is opened, why does the liquid tend to flow out?
In other words, why does the coke flow out of it's bottle/can. Isnt the air trapped inside the container, so the air must flow out? What pushes the liquid to go outside the container?
For example, we ...
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Why there is a difference between same components of 2 parallel planes?
In this context the author is deriving the net outflow through 2 surfaces.to do so he is calculating the difference between x components ofthe vector V.
so now my question is here the 2 surface are ...
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1answer
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Magnus effect without windspeed
Canagnus effect take place if windspeed is 0 ? Lets assume that our frame of reference a place an earth (e.g. soccer pitch) .We measure the windspeed and we find it zero.But if we make a knuckleshoot ...
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2answers
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Viscous fluid equivalent of hyperelasticity
A hyperelastic solid is defined as one for which the stress tensor $\sigma$ can be written as the derivative of some stored energy function $W$ w.r.t. the strain $\varepsilon$:
$\sigma = \frac{\...
