My teacher was explaining emf to me and he was using an example of a simple electrolytic cell. In this example the two electrodes had been placed in the same solution and had been connected by a wire. He said the electron moves from the negative terminal to positive terminal within the wire due to difference in electric potential. But then he went on to say that the electron completes the circuit by moving from positive plate to the negative plate in the solution (the electrolyte) . He explained that the electron is moved towards the negative electrode due to some "non-electrostatic" force which moves the electron opposite to the electric field.what is this "non-electrostatic force"?
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2 Answers
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The forces that move an electron from the positive electrode to the negative electrode inside the battery are, of course, electromagnetic in nature, ultimately. One can say that they are chemical forces because of the processes that generate them. However, they are obviously electromagnetic forces in the end--the only other option is gravity which is obviously ridiculous ;)
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In an electric battery, electrons are moved from the positive electrode (anode) to the negative electrode (cathode) through the electrical circuit. This movement occurs due to a chemical reaction inside the battery.
When the battery is activated, a chemical reaction occurs in the chemical compounds present within the battery. This reaction causes the release of electrons from the particles of the chemical substances in the positive electrode (anode), creating an accumulation of positive charge at the anode.
When there is a difference in charge between the anode and cathode, electric current begins to flow through the electrical circuit. The electrons released from the anode move through the circuit to reach the cathode. This flow causes a balance of charges between the anode and cathode.
Once the electrons reach the cathode, another chemical reaction occurs that accepts the electrons, resulting in an accumulation of negative charge at the cathode. This chemical reaction allows for the continuous movement of electrons from the anode to the cathode, thus enabling the battery to provide electrical energy for various devices.
the process described is during the charging of the battery. In the case of charging the battery, it is connected to an external electrical source such as a battery charger. When connected, the electric current begins to flow from the source to the battery, causing the electrons to move from the negative pole of the battery (the cathode) to the positive pole (the anode) through the electrical circuit.
This flow reflects the chemical reaction inside the battery that occurs during discharge, where the chemical energy stored in the chemical compounds inside the battery is converted into electrical energy. During charging, electrical energy is supplied from the external source to activate the chemical reaction so that the battery can store electrical energy for later use in powering various devices.
