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A proton is a positively charged particle which is generally considered to be a composite particle comprising of three quarks interacting through the strong force (e.g. in the standard model.)

230 votes

What's inside a proton?

(Incidentally, the reason you see images like the one you found on Wikipedia is that for a long time, people were colliding protons at the intermediate energies where they appear to behave as a group of …
David Z's user avatar
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2 votes

Why are electrons written with a proton number?

These numbers are the atomic mass number, or nucleon number (top) and the electric charge (bottom), not the number of protons. … Nuclear physicists use these particular numbers - rather than the number of a specific particle like protons - because in nuclear reactions, the atomic mass number and the electric charge are conserved …
David Z's user avatar
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4 votes
Accepted

Quark Radius Upper Bound

As I mentioned in another answer, what people actually report these days is not really an upper bound on the radius of a particle. Instead, what you'll find is a lower bound on what is sometimes calle …
David Z's user avatar
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3 votes
Accepted

How do I know the proton isn't made of 3 anti-down quarks?

Basically, it's because the proton has spin $\frac{1}{2}$, which means the quarks' spins need to be split: two in one direction (let's say up) and one in the other direction (down). But having two qua …
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1 vote

What happens if up quarks are replaced by down quarks and down quarks are replaced by up qua...

Um... no, there's no reason to think any of that stuff would happen. The transformation of up quarks into down quarks and vice versa is called an isospin transformation, and it's been quite well studi …
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