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Evanescent waves appear as boundary conditions; vacuum solutions lack boundaries, except at infinity. S < https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evanescent_field>

As energy of the photon increases, additional shielding is required. So something designed for microwaves doesn't keep light out: this lets you watch your food cooking. Optical shielding doesn't stop …

In free space their is a fixed relationship between the electric and magnetic fields, determined directly from Maxwell's equations: the two fields are oscillate at the same frequency, maintain their p …

Perhaps, in some materials. For example, see Theoretical Study of the Emission of Light Stimulated by Phonons in Indirect Bandgap Semiconductor. But most optical phonons will not result in measurable …

The proposal probably refers to terahertz (THz) imaging; THz is the band that is above microwave, but below infrared, between 100 um and 1 mm wavelength; often referred to as T-Rays. Because of their …

EM waves are a special case of electromagnetic radiation, where typically the source is periodic, or near enough that there is a carrier wave, as with radio and television. Maxwell's equations suppor …

For a simplified, semi-classical model, see Drude model. With this approach the interior of the metal is shielded from the effects of the bound particles, and they can be ignored except when (a) ther …

When multiple photons arrive simultaneously it is the same as if a single photon of the same total energy arrived. See multi-photon absorption. This is easy to generate with ultrafast laser pulses, …

If you could do this, the electrons would not see the resultant non-wave. You can analyze this with water or sound waves, as well as EM waves. Mathematically, start a sine wave from the left, and an …

Stokes parameters are written in terms of intensities; Jones vectors use the electric field components. It's easy to go from Jones to Stokes, but the other way does not have a general method. See < …

This is a variation on a theme which has been discussed many times. For example, see Strength of moonlight The short answer is no; you cannot heat an object hotter than the temperature of the source. …

Direct measurement of the amplitude of the optical field requires interferometric techniques. One that works is the FROG - Frequency Resolved Optical Grating. There are many variations on it today, …

Wave velocity, when not otherwise specified, usually means the phase velocity: the rate at which the phase travels in space. This site animates the differences between phase and group velocities. The …

The electric and magnetic fields are always in-phase if the wave can be treated as a plane wave (which simply means it cannot be too close to the source), and in vacuum or any medium with linear respo …

When an atom or molecule absorbs a photon, it enters an excited state; each excited state has a mean lifetime. When the atom or molecule returns to the ground state it may emit a phonon (vibrations) …