Linked Questions

1 vote
0 answers
258 views

How to symmetrize the canonical stress-energy tensor? [duplicate]

Given the Lagrangian density for a real scalar field $\mathcal{L}(\phi, \partial_\mu \phi)$, we obtain from Noether's theorem the canonical stress-energy tensor $$ T^{\mu\nu} = \frac{\partial \mathcal{...
Pedro's user avatar
  • 592
36 votes
2 answers
10k views

Energy-Momentum Tensor in QFT vs. GR

What is the correspondence between the conserved canonical energy-momentum tensor, which is $$ T^{\mu\nu}_{can} := \sum_{i=1}^N\frac{\delta\mathcal{L}_{Matter}}{\delta(\partial_\mu f_i)}\partial^\nu ...
PPR's user avatar
  • 2,104
12 votes
4 answers
19k views

Why is the (non-relativistic) stress tensor linear and symmetric?

From Wikipedia: "[...] the stress vector $T$ across a surface will always be a linear function of the surface's normal vector $n$, the unit-length vector that is perpendicular to it. [...] The ...
R S's user avatar
  • 547
23 votes
2 answers
9k views

When is stress-energy tensor defined as variation of action with respect to metric conserved?

In General Relativity Einstein's equation implies that stress-energy tensor on its RHS is conserved (has vanishing divergence), due to the Bianchi identity. Considering variational principles leading ...
Blazej's user avatar
  • 2,256
17 votes
2 answers
7k views

Stress-energy tensor for a fermionic Lagrangian in curved spacetime - which one appears in the EFE?

So, suppose I have an action of the type: $$ S =\int \text{d}^4 x\sqrt{-g}( \frac{i}{2} (\bar{\psi} \gamma_\mu \nabla^\mu\psi - \nabla^\mu\bar{\psi} \gamma_\mu \psi) +\alpha \bar{\psi} \gamma_\mu \...
MrFermiMr's user avatar
  • 480
11 votes
2 answers
2k views

Pass to globally conserved currents from locally conserved currents in curved spacetime

Let us begin with a Lagrangian of the form $$\mathscr L= \frac 12 \sqrt{-g}g^{\mu\nu}\partial_\mu\phi(x)\partial_\nu\phi(x)+\mathscr L_g,$$ where $$\mathscr L_g=\frac 1{16\pi k}\sqrt{-g}R.$$ ...
alphanzo's user avatar
  • 181
5 votes
1 answer
3k views

Lack of symmetry of the canonical stress-energy tensor

Why in the general case of classical field theory canonical stress-energy tensor doesn't have symmetry of the permutation of the indices? For explanation, let's have a "derivation" of an expression ...
user avatar
12 votes
2 answers
2k views

Symmetry of the $3\times 3$ Cauchy Stress Tensor [duplicate]

When presenting the stress tensor (say in a non-relativistic context), it is shown to be a tensor in the sense that it is a linear vector transformation: it operates on a vector $n$ (the normal to a ...
R S's user avatar
  • 547
8 votes
2 answers
610 views

In a theory with spinor fields, what general condition on the action ensures that the stress-energy tensor can be made symmetric?

In general relativity, the stress-energy tensor is normally defined by $$ T^{ab}\equiv \frac{2}{\sqrt{|g|}}\,\frac{\delta S_m}{\delta g_{ab}}, \tag{1} $$ where $S_m$ is the "matter" action (...
Chiral Anomaly's user avatar
7 votes
1 answer
1k views

Is conservation of energy-momentum tensor a consequence of diffeomorphism or isometry?

So far I have seen two distinct ways to derived the conservation law $$\nabla_{a}T^{ab}=0$$, one from diffeomorphism of the action, the other one uses variation principle with the metric fixed. Both ...
Xiaoyi Jing's user avatar
  • 1,110
2 votes
1 answer
2k views

Why is the Maxwell Stress Tensor symmetric?

What is the physical meaning of the Maxwell Stress tensor symmetry?
Chaos's user avatar
  • 943
3 votes
1 answer
1k views

Showing symmetry of the stress tensor by applying divergence theorem to $\int\int_{\delta V(t)} \vec{x}\times \vec{t} dS$ [duplicate]

I'm currently working through the symmetry of the stress tensor, in relation to viscous flow. I am looking at this by examining the conservation of angular momentum equation for a material volume $V(t)...
Freeman's user avatar
  • 775
6 votes
1 answer
771 views

Why do we need to symmetrize the stress-energy tensor?

An elementary definition of the stress-energy tensor $T_{\mu\nu}$ in terms of the Lagrangian for flat spacetime is $$T^{\mu\nu}=\frac{\partial \mathcal{L}}{\partial(\partial_\mu\phi)}(\partial^\nu\phi)...
Solidification's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
498 views

Symmetric energy-momentum tensor

In field theory, there's no guarantee that the energy-momentum tensor resulting from Noether's theorem is symmetric. The usual trick to construct a symmetric tensor is to add to the original energy-...
Arthur's user avatar
  • 119
1 vote
0 answers
307 views

Is Belinfante–Rosenfeld stress–energy tensor used to derive momentum?

Momentum is usually defined in QFT as: $$P^i = \int d^3x T^{0i}$$ where $T^{uv}$ refers to energy-momentum tensor, and I believe $P$ refers to linear momentum. In fermionic field, canonical energy-...
Brion Brion's user avatar

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