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This tag is for questions regarding the Newtonian model of gravity in which the force between two objects is given by $~GMm/r^2~.$ It is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass or energy – including planets, stars, galaxies, and even light – attract one another. On Earth, gravity gives weight to physical objects, and the Moon's gravity causes the ocean tides.

5 votes

Why do some people write the gravitational force as proportional to $\mathbf{r}/|\mathbf{r}|...

It is a matter of convenience: Let $\vec{r_{ij}}$ be a distance vector with magnitude $r_{ij}$ along the line connecting the masses $m_i$ and $m_j$. Then: (I): $\vec{r_{ij}}$ squared is a scalar who …
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3 votes

Why the Moon does not change its orbit from Earth to an another planet?

The higher the mass/distance-between-objects-squared the higher their mutual influence under gravity. In solar system (excluding the earth) the planet having bigger mass/distance-to-moon-squared is J …
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1 vote

What is the extra kicks to accelerate a spacecraft during gravity assist?

For the sake of the problem you are facing, treating gravity as a force it’s an idea that simplifies things, without backlashes. This said, what should bother you first and foremost, is the fact that …
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14 votes

Why is the Moon's gravity so high compared to its mass?

Because what it lacks in mass it gains in radius. Let $g$ be the acceleration due to gravity at the surface of a spherical object with radius $R$, mass $M$, and surface area $S=4\pi R^2$. Combining Ne …
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0 votes

What is the gravitational force acting on a massless body?

In classical physics you have an indeterminacy of the type $$a=\frac{GM}{r^2} \frac{0}{0} \tag{1}$$ This means that unless you have some new information to find that limit you cannot proceed. However, …
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11 votes

How come the Sun's gravity can hold distant planets in orbit, but cannot rip humans off Earth?

The sun is pulling you up (towards its center) with a force $$\rm F_{sun}=G \frac{M_{sun} × m_{you}}{R^2}$$ and Earth is pulling you down (towards its own center) with a force $$\rm F_{earth}=G \fra …
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9 votes

Elliptical Trajectory, or Parabolic?

The current problem The key Point here is “…thrown near the earth’s surface…”. That sentence usually means: Gravitational acceleration is constant and equal to $\rm g$. The ground can be conside …
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