I asked a question a while a go what is a bound state and the question was closed because there is a similar question.
Now since best description we have to describe nature in quantum field theory How we define bound states in quantum field theory?
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3$\begingroup$ A bound state is basically a stable state of two or more fundamental particles, eg. protons, neutrons, pions are all bound state of quarks and gluons. Glueballs are bound states of gluons, etc. $\endgroup$– PraharCommented Aug 11, 2023 at 17:25
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1$\begingroup$ One way to identify bound states is via poles in the S-matrix. For example, see physicscourses.colorado.edu/phys5250/phys5250_fa19/lecture/… $\endgroup$– AndrewCommented Aug 11, 2023 at 21:31
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1$\begingroup$ this may answer arnold-neumaier.at/physfaq/topics/bound.html $\endgroup$– anna vCommented Aug 12, 2023 at 4:02
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