By "heat" I'm going to assume you mean electromagnetic radiation, because outside of the interiors of stars and other similarly dense regions, heat cannot be conducted or convected.
The answer is simply : No. Dark matter cannot be tiny bits of matter that we cannot see. To help you understand it better, let me explain a bit of history first - Dark matter was originally hypothesised because when people measured this thing called a "galaxy rotation curve" which measures how fast something is moving around the centre of the galaxy.
They expected a fall in the velocity that matched newton's laws of gravity (which still work extremely well in systems like this). Except instead of the velocity of bodies dropping off as $1/r^{2}$ after a point, they found it to be roughly constant.
This was essentially the motivation for hypothesising dark matter. Now to why it isn't possible to be 'small bits of matter' - Matter has a tendency to clump because of gravity. This is how stars form, and basically any of the astrophysical bodies and structures exist. The individual Hydrogen atoms and molecules clump together (gravitationally bound) until they get massive enough (and hot enough) to trigger fusion. In the same way any tiny bits of matter would just clump together until it got bigger and bigger, till where we could see it. There are other reasons as well - any 'regular matter' emits spectral lines, which aren't seen for dark matter.
The 'heat that has gone into space', is basically all the radiation that we receive from stars, in terms of light that we can see (optical), or x-rays, or radio waves, or microwaves (traditionally what we refer to as heat radiation). All this radiation does exert pressure, but not nearly enough to cause the accelerating expansion of the universe.