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When we calculate the fermionic partition function, we use $\newcommand{\ket}[1]{| #1 \rangle} \newcommand{\bra}[1]{\langle #1 |} \newcommand{\braket}[1]{\langle #1 \rangle}$

$Z=tr(e^{-\beta H})=\int \bra{\bar \psi}e^{-\beta H}\ket{\psi} d\psi$

and in the bosonic case we use

$Z=tr(e^{-\beta H})=\int \bra{ \psi}e^{-\beta H}\ket{\psi} d\psi$

why $\braket{\bar \psi|\psi}=1$? Or following question, why is the resolution of identity given by $\int \ket {\bar \psi}\bra{\psi}d\psi e^{-\bar \psi \psi}d\bar \psi=1$ instead of $\int \ket { \psi}\bra{\psi}d\psi e^{-\bar \psi \psi}d\bar \psi=1$?

I understand that there is something to do with the fermionic statistics, but I am not sure how we see it here.

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  • $\begingroup$ The first equation should read $\int \langle - \psi | e^{-\beta H}|\psi\rangle d\psi^*d\psi$. $\endgroup$
    – Adam
    Commented Apr 3, 2018 at 15:06

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These are coherent states, you need to take a look on what is called "holomorphic representation of path integral". The coherent states which are the eigenvectors of the annihilation operator are not normalized. For the fermionic case you also need to use Grassmann variables.

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  • $\begingroup$ By the way if you want a good book which rigourously explains this, take a look on the book " Path integrals in quantum mechanics" of Jean Zinn-Justin, this is an amazing introduction $\endgroup$
    – Giuseppe
    Commented Apr 3, 2018 at 14:55
  • $\begingroup$ Thanks. Are always eigenvalues of the form of coherent states? $\endgroup$
    – user
    Commented Apr 4, 2018 at 4:51
  • $\begingroup$ I don't understand your question, if you're asking why we use coherent states, for me it's just because it simplifies things in some cases, for example if you try to solve the Harmonic oscillator with path integral, it is much more easy with coherent states. You can also do that in the usual (x,p) representation of path integral but it's longer and more difficult. $\endgroup$
    – Giuseppe
    Commented Apr 4, 2018 at 10:08
  • $\begingroup$ I am not sure why can we use coherent states here, what ensures that we can write $\psi, \bar \psi$ as coherent states? $\endgroup$
    – user
    Commented Apr 4, 2018 at 10:12
  • $\begingroup$ I mean this is by definition, the resolution of identity you gave are relations which are for ONLY for coherent states the exponential comes from the fact that coherent states are not normalized etc , i really advise you to take a look on the book i gave you, this is not so difficult you can prove that you have this expression for the closure relation and everything else $\endgroup$
    – Giuseppe
    Commented Apr 4, 2018 at 10:28

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