1
$\begingroup$

The m-point correlator is (including interaction): \begin{equation*} \langle{\Omega|}\mathcal{T}\left(\phi_{H}\left(t_{m} \right)\phi_{H}\left(t_{m - 1}\right) ... \phi_{H}\left(t_{1} \right) \right){|\Omega}\rangle = \frac{\langle{0|} \mathcal{T}\left(\phi_{I}\left(t_{m} \right) \phi_{I}\left(t_{m - 1} \right) ... \phi_{I}\left(t_{1} \right)S \right){|0}\rangle}{\langle{0|}S{|0}\rangle} \end{equation*} The letter $H$ denotes the operator in the Heisenberg picture, while $I$ is used for the interaction picture.

The matrix $S$ is: \begin{equation*} S = \displaystyle \lim_{T \to \infty} \mathcal{T}\left(e^{-i\int_{-T}^{T} V\left(t'\right)dt'} \right) \end{equation*}

Consider the following interaction: \begin{equation*} V\left(t\right) = \frac{\lambda}{4!}\phi^{4}\left(t\right) \end{equation*}

Let's compute $\langle{0|}S{|0}\rangle$ up to first order: \begin{equation*} \langle{0|}S{|0}\rangle = 1 + \displaystyle \lim_{T \to \infty} - \frac{i\lambda}{4!}\int_{-T}^{T}\langle{0|}\mathcal{T}\left(\phi_{I}\left(t'\right) \phi_{I}\left(t'\right) \phi_{I}\left(t'\right) \phi_{I}\left(t'\right) \right){|0}\rangle dt' \end{equation*}

$\langle{0|}\mathcal{T}\left(\phi_{I}\left(t'\right) \phi_{I}\left(t'\right) \phi_{I}\left(t'\right) \phi_{I}\left(t'\right) \right){|0}\rangle $ can be computed by using Wick's theorem. The normal-ordered terms vanish, and only the terms with two contractions contribute. There are three possible ways to contract. The equation reduces to: \begin{equation*} \langle{0|}S{|0}\rangle = 1 + \displaystyle \lim_{T \to \infty} - \frac{i\lambda}{8}\int_{-T}^{T}\langle{0|}\mathcal{T}\left(\phi_{I}\left(t'\right) \phi_{I}\left(t'\right)\right){|0}\rangle dt' \end{equation*}

My question is, why is the contraction between two scalar fields in the Interaction picture the same as for two fields in the Heisenberg picture?

$\langle{0|}\mathcal{T}\left(\phi_{I}\left(t'\right) \phi_{I}\left(t'\right)\right){|0}\rangle = \langle{0|}\mathcal{T}\left(\phi_{H}\left(t'\right) \phi_{H}\left(t'\right)\right){|0}\rangle = D_{F}\left(t' - t'\right) = D_{F}\left(0\right)$

$\endgroup$

1 Answer 1

0
$\begingroup$

The reason for this is because $\phi_I(t, \vec{x})$ has the exact same form as $\phi_H(t,\vec{x})$, since $\phi_I(t,\vec{x})$ obeys the free Klein-Gordon equation.

To avoid repetition, I will just refer you to:

Why are fields in the interaction picture the same as free fields in the Heisenberg picture?

which contains a detailed description.

$\endgroup$

Your Answer

By clicking “Post Your Answer”, you agree to our terms of service and acknowledge you have read our privacy policy.

Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question.