When looking in the sky with the naked eye, we often see dark regions with no stars. However, when we look at those same spots with a telescope, it is full of stars or clouds of dust. Why is that?
1 Answer
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Your visual system needs a certain level of light to arrive from a small enough area in your field of view to register. Your dilated naked eye has a pupil size around 6mm in diameter to receive that light.
The telescope has a large objective lens to increase the capture area. If you have a 130mm objective, that's over 400 times the area of your pupil. That allows you (depending on the magnification) to register fainter objects.