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1

When the thermostat cuts off, two springy metal contacts are supposed to pop out of contact, which is supposed to completely halt the flow of electricity to the heater element. If those contacts fail to completely separate, then a stream of sparks of electricity will jump across the (small) gap between them. This "arcing" will produce radiated and ...

2

I believe you can make an approximate calculation of this temperature for a free electron case. From Kittel (or many other sources), the approximation for heat capacity of phonons as low temperature is: $$C_{ph}=234N_{ph}k_B(\frac{T^3}{\theta^3})$$ Where $\theta$ is the Debye Temperature and $k_B$ is Boltzmann's constant, and $N_{ph}$ is the number or ...

3

Heat capacity data for elements is well researched. Picking Cu as a good metal where one would expect the electron contribution to be large, Google (Googled 'Cu heat capacity vs temperature') leads quickly to nist.gov with a copy of (from Web Of Science search): HEAT-CAPACITY OF REFERENCE MATERIALS - CU AND W By: WHITE, GK; COLLOCOTT, SJ JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ...

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