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Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. A means of creating coherent light by either driving an atomic or molecular transition in an optical cavity or firing a beam of electrons through an undulator.

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Laser beam photon counting

If you imagine a pulsed laser and a hypothetical detector that were to count and tell the precise number of photons in each pulse, you would then observe a gaussian distribution centered at some value … To compare with the laser output, the statistics here would be sub-Poissonian. …
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0 votes
1 answer
118 views

Estimating quantum efficiency of gated avalanche photodiode

I have a pulsed laser system with repetition frequency $f_2 >> f_1$, pulse width $\tau_2 << \tau_1$, and center wavelength $\lambda$. … The main thing to note is that in this experiment the laser pulses are not synchronized to the detection gates because the laser and photon counting system do not have/cannot share the same clock. …
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1 vote

Redirecting light beams from beam splitters

If working with mirrors and (free-space) beam splitters is not a tight constraint in your project, then an assembly of 1x2 fiber fused couplers could solve your problem. Purchased in bulk quantities …
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2 votes
1 answer
167 views

What are the reasons for a high intermediate frequency in optical heterodyne detection?

In balanced homodyne or heterodyne detection, an optical signal (Sig) is interfered with a local oscillator (LO) on a symmetric beam splitter, e.g., a 3 dB fiber coupler, and the outcome is detected b …
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7 votes

What is $g^{(2)}$ in the context of quantum optics? And how is it calculated?

Correlation functions, such as $g^{(2)}(\tau)$ (or $g^{(1)}(\tau)$, as also mentioned in glance's answer) in quantum optics are employed to evaluate the quantum degree of coherence of an optical sourc …
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3 votes
0 answers
64 views

Limits on the information obtained through optical measurements

The characteristics of the laser sources can indeed be controlled quite well (i.e., one doesn't need to think about sources at very exotic wavelengths or with very special output spatial profiles -- basically … , all properties the measurement of which have been mastered quite well by the modern laser technology). …
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