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Numbers of the form $\{z= x+ i\,y:\;x,\, y\in\mathbb{R}\}$ where $i^2 = -1$. Useful especially as quantum mechanics, where system states take complex vector values.

27 votes
5 answers
18k views

What are functions of a complex variable used for in physics?

Whenever someone asks "Why are complex numbers important?" the answer, at least in the context of physics, usually includes things like quantum mechanics, oscillators and AC circuits. This is all very …
Javier's user avatar
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2 votes
2 answers
196 views

What does it mean to measure a complex electric field?

One of the Event Horizon Telescope papers says the following: Every antenna $i$ in an interferometric array records the incoming complex electric field as a function of time, frequency, and polarizat …
Javier's user avatar
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