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Numbers of the form $\{z= x+ i\,y:\;x,\, y\in\mathbb{R}\}$ where $i^2 = -1$. Useful especially as quantum mechanics, where system states take complex vector values.
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What is an imaginary gauge potential?
This paper considers a generalised Strum-Liouville equation, that is equations of the form
$$
\left[-\frac{d}{dx}p(x)\frac{d}{dx}-\frac{i}{2}\left(\lambda_1(x)\frac{d}{dx}+\frac{d}{dx}\lambda_2(x)\rig …