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An important extensive property of all systems in thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, and information theory, quantifying their disorder (randomness), i.e., our lack of information about them. It characterizes the degree to which the energy of the system is *not* available to do useful work.

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Understanding Clausius' inequality for irreversible process

In Clausius theorem for second law of thermodynamics, the temperature in the integrand is the temperature of the reservoir, not the system: $$ \oint \frac{\delta Q}{T_{surr}}. $$ Therefore, there ex …
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Why change in entropy in reversible adiabatic process is zero?

For an ideal gas $PV = n RT$, the expression of entrop can be calculate: \begin{align} dS =& \frac{dU}{T} + \frac{PdV}{T};\\ =& n C_v \frac{dT}{T} + nR\frac{dV}{V};\\ \end{align} Carry out the integ …
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1 vote

Equivalence of Entropy maximization principle and Clausius' Inequality

Maximum entropy (maximum configurations) In thermodynamics, the equilibrim of a state is not determined by the maximum of entropy. Then when to apply the maximum entropy principle? … The "maximization" of the universal entropy is nothing to do with the equilibrium rule of a thermal state, and not related to the statistical maximum entropy rule. …
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3 votes

Energy of magnetized vs not magnetized ferromagnet?

The equilibrium of a state is the constra-balance of two factor: internal energy and entropy. … But at high temperature, the entropy becomes more important. …
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2 votes

Entropy for constant pressure

The answer to your question is NO. Starting with the first law: \begin{align} \Delta Q &= d U + P dV \\ T d S &= dU + P dV \\ dU &= TdS - PdV \tag{1} \end{align} In equation (1), we read t …
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