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This tag is for questions regarding the Newtonian model of gravity in which the force between two objects is given by $~GMm/r^2~.$ It is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass or energy – including planets, stars, galaxies, and even light – attract one another. On Earth, gravity gives weight to physical objects, and the Moon's gravity causes the ocean tides.
21
votes
Ambiguity in applying Newton's shell theorem in an infinite homogeneous universe
The problem lies in the boundary conditions. Ignoring factors of $G$ and $\pi$, gauss's law of gravitation relates the gravitational potential $\Phi$ to the mass density $\rho$ by
$$\rho=-\nabla^2 \Ph …