In analyzing a system of two coupled oscillators, I noticed a rather interesting correspondence between the so-called "rotating wave approximation" (RWA) for solving differential equations and the structure of the algebraic representation of the matrix form of those equations. ## Background The system of equations under consideration is $$ \frac{d}{dt} \left( \begin{array}{c} a \\ a^* \\ b \\ b^* \end{array} \right) = i \left( \begin{array}{cccc} - \omega_a & 0 & -g & g \\ 0 & \omega_a & -g & g \\ -g & g & - \omega_b & 0 \\ -g & g & 0 & \omega_b \end{array} \right) \left( \begin{array}{c} a \\ a^* \\ b \\ b^* \end{array} \right) \tag{$\star$} \, . $$ This system is the Hamiltonian version of the system described in [a previous question](https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/466732/), and can be derived from the Hamiltonian $$ H = \omega_1 a^* a + \omega_2 b^* b - g \left( a b - a^* b - a b^* + a^* b^* \right) $$ using the appropriate Hamiltonian equations of motion $$ \dot{a} = -i \frac{\partial H}{\partial a^*} \quad \text{and} \quad \dot{b} = -i \frac{\partial H}{\partial b^*} $$ and similarly for $a^*$ and $b^*$. The parameter $g$ characterizes the strength of coupling between the two oscillators. Note that if $g=0$, then we have two uncoupled equations $$ \dot a = -i \omega_a a \quad \text{and} \quad \dot b = -i \omega_b b $$ with solutions $$ a(t) = a(0) e^{-i \omega_a t} \quad \text{and} \quad b(t) = b(0) e^{-i \omega_b t} $$ representing two uncoupled oscillators. Now note that the matrix in Equation $(\star)$ can be written algebraically as $$ -i \sigma_z \otimes \left( g \sigma_x + \frac{d}{2} \sigma_z + \frac{s}{2} \mathbb{I} \right) - g (\sigma_y \otimes \sigma_x) $$ where $s \equiv \omega_1 + \omega_2$ and $d \equiv \omega_1 - \omega_2$. ## Rotating wave approximation The rotating wave approximation (RWA) comes essentially from noting that while the time dependences of e.g. $a$ and $b^*$ have opposite sign and therefore lead to slow oscillation, the time dependences of e.g. $a$ and $b$ have the same sign and lead to fast oscillation. Therefore, the terms $ab$ and $a^* b^*$ are dropped from the Hamiltonian. Doing this leads to an equation like $(\star)$, but with a matrix given by $$ -i \sigma_z \otimes \left( g \sigma_x + \frac{d}{2} \sigma_z + \frac{s}{2} \mathbb{I} \right) \, . $$ ## Question Why is the rotating wave approximation equivalent to dropping the $(\sigma_y \otimes \sigma_x)$ term in the dynamical equation matrix? What intuitive link is there between the argument we gave for the RWA (or any other argument) and the dropping of the algebraic term $(\sigma_y \otimes \sigma_x)$?