Lets look at this example [![enter image description here][1]][1] The particle energy in S frame is $$E_s=\frac 12 m \mathbf v_s\cdot \mathbf v_s+m\,g\,y=\text{const.}$$ where $~\mathbf v_s=\frac{d}{dt}\mathbf R~$ The particle energy in S' frame is $$E_s'=\frac 12 m \mathbf v_s'\cdot \mathbf v_s'+m\,g\,y'$$ where $$\mathbf v_s'=\frac{d}{dt}\begin{bmatrix} R'_x+\Delta x \\ R'_y\\ \end{bmatrix}$$ thus, the particle energy $~E_s'~$ is conserved (constant) only if $~\Delta x=v_x\,t~$ where $~v_x~$ constant, in this case is also the energy differenz (relative energy) conserved. is the energy invariant ? invariant mean that $~E_s=E_s'~$ this is not the case . [1]: https://i.sstatic.net/JwTtF.png