One should note that the evidence #1–5 of OP first and foremost counts as evidence of accelerated cosmological expansion. While one could also view these observations as evidence of dark energy, it is worth noting that there are other possible explanations for accelerated expansion that could not be classified as dark energy models.
A general name for such models is “modified gravity”. The distinction between dark energy and modified gravity comes from the way Einstein field equations are modified. Dark energy enters EFEs as a source term (either cosmological constant or slowly evolving field) and interacts with other matter gravitationally. Modified gravity, as the name suggests, introduces new dynamic in the gravitational sector, possibly introducing new particles mediating “fifth force”. Examples of theories of modified gravity are massive gravity, brane world models, certain scalar-tensor theories. Note, there are also modifications of gravity that attempt to eliminate the need for dark matter, rather than dark energy, but we will not discuss these.
For more on the distinction between dark energy and modified gravity see review:
- Joyce, A., Lombriser, L., & Schmidt, F. (2016). Dark Energy versus Modified Gravity. Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, 66, 95-122, doi:10.1146/annurev-nucl-102115-044553, arXiv:1601.06133
From the text:
… we draw a distinction between Dark Energy and Modified Gravity by means of the strong equivalence principle (SEP). We classify any theory which obeys the SEP as Dark Energy, and any theory which violates it as Modified Gravity (see Sec. 2.3). Heuristically, the strong equivalence principle forbids the presence of fifth forces.
The following image from this review illustrates the distinction:
At the level of Friedmann equations and even for the description of large-scale structure evolution the distinction between dark energy and modified gravity might appear nonexistent (and some authors do not make it), but such distinction offers a new class of evidence in support of dark energy: observations , not directly related to cosmic acceleration, but favoring dark energy over modified gravity models. So, if some astronomical observation or experiment eliminates (or constraints) modification of gravity that offers explanation for cosmic acceleration, we could consider this an evidence for the dark matter.
For example, gravitational wave event GW170817 and corresponding gamma-ray burst GRB 170817A establishes with great precision that gravitational waves travel at the speed of light. This eliminates (or seriously constrain) many modifications of gravity and so could be seen as evidence of dark energy models (paper 1, paper 2, paper 3).