At first, as others have said,- you transfer car momentum to a whole atom system, not just to some part of it,- like electron, nucleus, etc.

Second,- electron is not something you can easily mess around. If you look at the semi-classical Bohr atom model, electron goes with tangential speed around nucleus defined by :
$$ v={\sqrt {\frac {Zk_{\mathrm {e} }e^{2}}{m_{\mathrm {e} }r}}}. $$

So for example electron in Hydrogen atom at ground level flies with amazing 
$\approx 2000 ~\text{km/s}$ speed. Converted to electron centripetal acceleration, gives about $10^{21}\text {g}$. Thus atom electrodynamical system is a very stable thing.

That said, you can push electron out of atom. But for doing that you need some different approach, like scattering Hydrogen nucleus with high-speed neutrons in particle accelerator or just "stretching" Hydrogen atom in a static electric field which strength would equate to a ionization energy of $13~\text {eV}$, or forcing it to absorb such energy photon.