**1**. Calculate the work that charge $q_O$ do to $q_t$ when $q_t$ moves from $P_1$ to $P_2$ in the first picture, and here is its formula $$W=\int^{P_1}_{P_2}\vec u_R \frac{q_oq_t}{4\pi\epsilon_{0}R^2}\cdot[\vec u_RdR+\vec u_\theta Rd\theta]$$ I want to ask why can we just write $\cdot [\vec u_RdR+\vec u_\theta Rd\theta] $ to describe this irregular path ? [![enter image description here][1]][1] In the second picture,we have to calculate the work that charge $q_O$ do to $q_t$ when $q_t$ moves from $P_1$ to $P_2$ along the red line path, the radius of inner circle and outer circle is $r_1$ and $r_2$ and here is its formula $$W=W_1+W_2$$ $$W_1=\int^{r_2}_{r_1}\vec u_R \frac{q_oq_t}{4\pi\epsilon_{0}R^2} \cdot \vec u_R dR$$ $$W_2=\int^{\frac{\theta}{2}}_{\theta=0}\vec u_R \frac{q_oq_t}{4\pi\epsilon_{0}R^2} \cdot \vec u_\theta Rd\theta$$ in the second picture,i want ask why should write 1.$\vec u_R \frac{q_oq_t}{4\pi\epsilon_{0}R^2}$, not $\vec u_\theta \frac{q_oq_t}{4\pi\epsilon_{0}R^2}$,why must the direction be R,not $\theta$ ? 2.why should we $\cdot \vec u_\theta Rd\theta$ in the $W_2$, instead of $\cdot \vec u_R Rd\theta$ [![enter image description here][2]][2] [1]: https://i.sstatic.net/ye7bm.png [2]: https://i.sstatic.net/BCCK4.png