**I)For this question I will use apparently disconected concepts of vector calculus and differential geometry to ilustrate my doubts. Moreover, I'll refer to [1]*FINN.E; Fundamental university physics Volume 1: Mechanics* and to [2]*ANTON.H; Calculus: Multivariable*, in some results.** **II) I'll need to be a little bit prolix in this question to explain my point** Consider velocity [1]: \begin{equation} \vec{v} = \vec{r}\frac{dr(t)}{dt}+\vec{\theta}\frac{d\theta (t)}{dt}..........(1) \end{equation} In the equation above we cleary see a particle under general curvilinear motion. Which means that the terms : $$\vec{r}\frac{dr(t)}{dt}$$ and $$\vec{\theta}\frac{d\theta (t)}{dt}$$ are respectively the radial velocity and tangencial velocity (where $\vec{r}$ and $\vec{\theta}$ are simply the basis of polar coordinates). If we consider $ \displaystyle \frac{dr(t)}{dt} = 0$ (the condition of time independent radius), then, equation (1) becomes: $$ \vec{v} =\vec{\theta}\frac{d\theta (t)}{dt}..........(2a) $$ and then the acceleration: $$\vec{a} = -\vec{r}\left (\frac{d\theta(t)}{dt}\right )^2 + \vec{\theta}\frac{d^{2} \theta(t)}{dt^{2}}..........(2b)$$ This analysis is quite right, but [2] gives us another way to see the problem: > *For a particle moving along a curve C in 2-space or 3-space,the velocity and acceleration vector can be written as:* >$$ \vec{v} = \frac{ds(t)}{dt}\vec{T(t)}..........(3a) \\ \vec{a} = \frac{d^{2}s(t)}{dt^{2}}\vec{T(t)} + \kappa (t)\left (\frac{ds(t)}{dt}\right )^2 \vec{N(t)}..........(3b) $$ Here the vectors $\vec{T(t)}$ and $\vec{N(t)}$ are precisely the vectors of TNB-triad (frenet trihedron), and $\kappa (t)$ is the Curvature. Now, consider that we know the "general force": $$ F^a = m\left( \frac{d^2x^a}{dt^2} + \Gamma^{a}_{bc}\frac{dx^b}{dt}\frac{dx^c}{dt} \right)..........(4)$$ So, the Christoffel symbols vanish on cartesian coordinates but in a curvilinear coordinate system, say polar coordinates, we can derive velocities and accelerations in the form of the set of equations 2. **My first question is: the set of equations 2 are the description of motion using a polar coordinate system. So, the set of equations 3 are independent of coordinate choice? And if so, why use polar coodinates then?** **My second question is: How can we relationate the equations 2, 3 and 4?**