Questions tagged [particle-detectors]
the tools used to detect (and sometimes) characterize ionizing radiation. This tag is appropriate for question about the characteristics and behavior of all such devices from the simplest Geiger-Muller tube, to the compound monsters used by high-energy experiments to the mega-ton instrumented volume of IceCube.
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Measurement in Double Slit Experiment
In physics, the observer effect is the disturbance of an observed system by the act of observation. A notable example of the observer effect occurs in quantum mechanics, as demonstrated by the double-...
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How to calculate or estimate an energy deposition inside $\rm BeO$?
I wonder how one could or would calculate the energy deposition inside e.g. $\rm BeO$. To simplify the radiation source shall be a photon with 160 keV and $\rm BeO$ is 0.5 mm thick and 1 mm² wide.
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Offset in fortuitous coincidences in Na22 PET scan
I'm doing a PET scan for a Na22 radioactive sample and analysing the fortuitous coincidences. To measure the fortuitous coincidences I put both detectors in a 90º angle and gathered the number of (...
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Can the time varying Intensity of an electric field of a wave be measured?
Lets say that we have a detector which we use to measure the intensity. Theoretically, the intensity is a varying function of time (When we calculate the Poynting vector) but often in textbooks they ...
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One-way photon detector
I’m not sure if such a device exists, or if it could.
Is it possible for a photon detector to be one-way? Like a one-way mirror, where one side can be seen through, but the other side is a mirror.
...
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Electric current dependence of electron energy/seed
As described here (page 11) the electric current is due to a moving charge and not by a "collection" of charge by some electrode. I understood that claim but I did not understand how the ...
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3
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How can be combined the CPM readings from two Geiger counters?
I have two identical Geiger counters, they are very close each other, they are turned on at the same time and turned off after one day.
The display of the first one shows $N_1$ CPM, the second one ...
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0
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What happened in March 1991 when the IMB neutrino detector sprung a leak?
When I was in grad school, I recall hearing a story something like this:
"Once upon a time, there was a neutrino detector (Cherenkov water detector--just a large bag [in my memory of the story it ...
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Count vs Count-per-channel
Hi there Wise people of the internet,
I am trying to do analysis some data gathered from a gamma scintillator setup, its stored in root.
So i have to do some coincidence measurements, and i found that ...
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1
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In a double slit experiment, how does the detection mechanism work?
In the double slit experiment, an interaction with a detecting mechanism is needed to know which slit was the one the photon or electron passed through.
I read in other questions that polarized ...
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After a particle hits a screen and becomes stuck to it, will we know both position and momentum?
After a quantum particle hits a detector screen, we learn two things:
Its position in all 3 dimensions (it's in the bright spot in the screen)
Its momentum in all 3 dimensions (it's stuck in the ...
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1
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What is the control group in neutrino detection?
Assuming we can't block neutrinos, and most of them pass through the earth, how do we know that the change in the neutrino detector is not just happened randomly? Is the detection of neutrinos more ...
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Determining the $Z$ boson invisible width using initial state radiation (ISR)
I have read (https://academic.oup.com/book/25938) &(https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-05169-2_3) that initial state radiation can be used to make a determination of the Z boson's ...
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1
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Hadronic Calorimeters
From the this reference, https://indico.in2p3.fr/event/1873/contributions/21752/attachments/17734/21715/delphes.pdf, it is stated that hadronic calorimeters are made up of heavy materials.
Is it ...
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Finding the missing charge
I'm doing a lab report. I have to find the charge integrating some pulses. Unfortunately some pulses are partially saturated (see the photo). My idea is trying to find the charge in function of ...
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How do you understand displaced vertices rigorously in quantum field theory?
When you produce a long-lived particle (like charged pions, muons), it enters your detector. When you produce a short-lived particle (like the higgs, tau), the production of the particle is only seen ...
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Pile Ups in the particle accelerator
Can anyone explain what Pile ups are in a particle accelerator experiments? How can anyone know that an event is a pile-up interaction and how can anyone get rid of these events?
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Why are simple insulators not used for radiation detection?
Solid state detectors are based on semiconductors and in particular on silicon pn junctions.
When a pn junction is reverse polarized, a significat portion of the semiconductor is depleted of free ...
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*$n$-particle states* in QFT as irreducible representation of symmetry group?
The Quanta Magazine article titled What is a Particle? has a nice summary of various possible interpretations of particles in theoretical physics, but it appears that there is no universally accepted ...
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Recommendation for a source on particle detectors
I am looking for suggestions on a particle detectors book. I have average knowledge in high energy physics and nuclear physics.
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How does a metastable state in a noble gas atom help to ionize a halogen molecule in a Geiger-Müller tube?
I am trying to understand better what is happening in a GM tube and how the design decisions are made. In the Wikipedia article on Geiger-Müller tubes, the section on fill gasses, it says
"The ...
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In GM tubes, why are halogen quench gases not used with helium?
In the Wikipedia article on GM tubes it says "Halogens are most commonly used with neon, argon or krypton, organic quenchers with helium."
I thought helium would be a perfectly fine fill gas ...
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A way to distinguish the scintillation light from the Cherenkov radiation
I am using a scintillator-PMT ov scintillator-SiPM system.
When I obtain signals from the system, I will get both scintillation photons and Cherenkov radiation in my DAQ. Is there a way to distinguish ...
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3
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What makes an object a detector in QM?
By introducing a detector in one path of a Mach Zehnder MZI the state of a photon is changed from superposition in both paths to a particle. But what can serve as a detector?
For example, an ...
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Is it instantaneous for an unpolarized molecule to get polarized by a very fast particle & get unpolarized by emitting photon? Or is there a time gap?
The question is in the context of Cerenkov radiation, where a coherent wavefront is formed when a particle which is moving faster than speed of light in a dielectric medium, (v>c/n, where n is ...
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How to describe the physics process of scintillation? [closed]
I want to find some references on describing the physics of scintillation. As we know the lights generated by scintillator through atom activation and de-activation, and each material has a
spectrum ...
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On the position-space of detected particles in HIC
Usually in heavy-ion experiments, results are given in terms of momentum space variables such as $p_T$ and $y$ (AFAIK). However, detectors are composed of different cells and hence there is some ...
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What exactly is the "Yield Function" of a neutron monitor?
I have been reading papers related to the theoretical computation of a neutron monitor count rate, which is defined as the integral of the "yield function" of the specific neutron monitor ...
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5
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What are some household sources of radiation detectable with a geiger counter?
I recently started rock tumbling with my preschool-age kids and bought a cheap geiger counter to check out rocks we find (more from curiosity than concern). Specifically it's a GQ GMC-500Plus model ...
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How to estimate the experimental acceptance of a particle as a function of its life-time?
My lecturer stated that we can calculate the experimental acceptance of the Higgs boson as a function of the life-time and also as a function of the mass by reading the following article: Davier and ...
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Error propagation in measurement of photon rate
A detector is measuring photons coming from a known source $D$ and a
background $B$ which produce photons respectively with rates $F_D$
and $F_B$.
Suppose we want to measure $F_D$ by performing two ...
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What does the inverse background efficiency represent?
I am reading a paper from the ATLAS experiment on the identification of tau jets from background jets and came across this figure:
I am struggling to find what the formula is for the inverse ...
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What is the peak lineshape in spectroscopy?
I have two questions regarding the lineshape of peaks in spectra obtained with detectors (such as germanium detectors) in spectroscopy.
What we often read is that the detector's response lineshape ...
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Photon Emission by Massless Fermions and Direction of Motion
In Peskin, a derivation about the radiated energy at low frequencies is given, as well as a derivation about the (mean) number of radiated photons. Both are found to depend on the differential ...
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Difference between an electromagnetic calorimeter and a pet-detector
Is there a conceptual-technical difference between an electromagnetic calorimeter and a pet-detector?
Surprisingly I couldn't find a better/rough concept of an Ecal but ultimately it consists of a lot ...
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What does "Position Reconstruction" mean?
What does "Position Reconstruction" mean in the context of Dark Matter detection? Specifically see e.g. the title of arxiv:1112.1481. Does it refers to an actual position in the dark matter ...
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Parton, detector and particle level at LHC [closed]
What is the difference between parton, detector and particle level in high energy physics?
I found a similar question but I couldn't understand the explanation for detector and particle level given ...
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What is an infrared quantum counter?
What is an infrared quantum counter?
Please explain this like you were telling it to an undergrad - I haven't taken quantum yet but I took modern physics.
I've googled, YouTubed, etc the closest I ...
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How can we detect neutrons?
If I am asked to design a simple experiment to detect neutrons, how can I do that?
The problem is, neutron is a neutral particle. So, application of electric and magnetic fields won't help. Can I ...
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Stopping power vs linear energy transfer (LET)
I wonder about the difference between stopping power and linear energy transfer. I would like to refer to http://radonc.wikidot.com/stopping-power-v-linear-energy-transfer-let where it is quite ...
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Do neutrinos absorb light?
I have been reading about neutrinos lately. One thing that I found amazing about these, is that their detection is not so easy.
My question here is, do neutrinos absorb light?
user310315
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Is it the term "telescope" the same as a "detector"?
For example, in this reference, MITO: muon telescope they use the term telescope but clearly the "telescope" is a muon detection system. And they also talk about angular resolution, angular ...
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How would you remotely detect interaction of a beam of 1 GeV protons with an aluminum sheet?
The inelastic interaction with an electron of the aluminum atom would knock them out of the atom, and would give rise to emission lines characteristic of aluminum when a free electron filled the ...
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Can the time interval between measurements A and B be arbitrarely small?
If we make two measuraments of a particle-antiparticle spin should the interval between the two measuraments be so small that no signal emitted by one particle can have effect on the measueament of ...
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How to calculate the direction of the missing transverse energy (MET)?
How exactly do you calculate the direction of the missing transverse energy? This paper (arXiv:1412.2641), for example, makes use of it to get some cuts. Adding to this, how can you correlate this to ...
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What is wrong with my cloud chamber? [closed]
Ive been trying to make a cloud chamber for a few days. I seem to have gotten most of the way there, but cant quite see any tracks, only mist. Im using isopropanol with cooling from salted water ice ...
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How does scintillation work? [duplicate]
We are doing an experiment on gamma spectroscopy and came across the concept of scintillation. It says that it's a property of materials through which we can change high energy photons (gamma photons ...
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$\rm kph/MeV$ for Light yield?
I was reading an article on Scintillation and I came across a peculiar unit $\rm kph/MeV$ for Light yield. It stated for Organic Scintillators, it has a Lower light yield (1-10 kph/MeV). Here do kph ...
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What would happen if I change the polarity of my gas chamber radiation detector?
What would happen if I change my ionization chamber polarity?
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How is number of photons found on a spectra?
Sorry for the stupid question, but I am very new to this and have no background in physics. Say we have a spectra as the one in the image, which represent a charge distribution over a specific channel,...
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