Questions tagged [nucleation]
The nucleation tag has no usage guidance.
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What would happen to atmospheric vapour if the amount of condensation cores decreased?
Some rain is said to form from atmospheric vapour around dust particles from sand storms, smoke etc. What would happen with the vapour if condensation cores decreased in amount?
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Desorption vs reflection (or sticking coefficients) in thermal physical vapor deposition (PVD) of gold
I'm having some issues squaring competing concepts behind the kinetics of adatom deposition in thermal PVD. Mattox (Handbook of Physical Vapor Deposition) repeatedly states Au atoms vaporized via ...
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Could some kind of vacuum decay modify the most fundamental laws of physics?
A false vacuum is a hypothetical vacuum that is not actively decaying, but somewhat yet not entirely stable ("metastable"). It may last for a very long time in that state, and might ...
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Meaning of *supersaturation* in diffusion cloud chamber
While trying to build a diffusion cloud chamber using the "classical" Langsdorf method, which employs a cold plate to create a steep negative temperature gradient, inducing supersaturation in alcohol ...
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Why tap water doesn' instantly form crystals when you shake it after cooling it?
For the science fair I am doing the experiment about nucleation in which I put a bottle of water in the freezer and after one hour and a half I take it out and it is supposed to instantly freeze when ...
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Where do the air bubbles inside the pool come from?
Here's a pic of my legs in the pool water. There are tiny air bubbles on them. I thought this is the result of air coming out of my leg, but I learnt that this is not the case. Also, there seem to be ...
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Heterogeneous nucleation theory books or articles
I'm looking for books or fundamental articles about the heterogeneous nucleation theory. I'd like to understand the main effects driving it, with concrete examples.
If you have any idea plz tell me.
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Why Gibbs energy for nucleation theory?
In nucleation theory, the free energy is given by (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_nucleation_theory but in many other places also): $$\Delta G=\frac{4\pi }{3}r^3\Delta g +4\pi r^2\sigma,$$ ...
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Variation/Differential in Critical Radius of Homogeneous Nucleation
Getting the critical radius during nucleation from G(r) is straightforward - but in our lecture notes, a notation is used that I cannot quite wrap my head around:
The molar Gibbs Free Energy $G(r)$ ...
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Bubble formation in long plastic tube with glass windows sealing the ends
Suppose you have a plastic tube that's length is much longer than its inner diameter sealed with glass on both ends. Inside the tube is high purity water with no bubbles i.e. all gases that remain in ...
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Explanation of the effect of nucleation sites on various processes
It is common knowledge that water can be cooled and superheated in the absence of nucleation sites. Similarly, the well-known explosion of carbonated drinks due to the dropping of mentos is also ...
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Nucleation - Internal energy of a droplet
From K. Huang's Statistical Mechanics, par. 2.2:
Suppose a droplet of liquid is placed in an external medium that
exerts a pressure $P$ on the droplet. Then the work done by the
droplet on ...
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Understanding the ice-water phase transition in order to apply it on solid-solid phase transitions
Background
I'm trying to understand a solid-solid phase transition. In this transition, a crystalline material changes from one phase to the other. An example would be the alpha iron / gamma iron ...
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Determination of the critical homogeneous nucleation radius
Situation
Consider a supercooled liquid. If a spherical solid crystal appears, the variation of the free Gibbs energy is given by
$\Delta G = -\frac{4}{3}\pi\Delta g r^3 + 4\pi\gamma r^2$
where $\...
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Why does a bubble arise on an unevenness of a glass? [duplicate]
When you put champaign in a glass, or any other CO2 containing liquid, than often there arise bubble mostly from the same spot.
Bow it is said that the cause for that is that bubbles of CO2 'like to ...
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Calculation of charged sphere distribution near a wall in Cartesian coordinates
I am following a similar derivation as found in the beginning of this paper "Quantitative aspects of the growth of (charged) silica spheres" by A.P. Philipse.
This paper calculates the growth of a ...
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Why rough surfaces promote nucleation of CO2 in carbonated drinks?
Glassware with scratched/etched surfaces generate more bubbles (video 1, video 2). Why these rough surfaces allow easier heterogeneous nucleation?
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Material preventing nucleation, why is it not used for soda container?
I would like to know the answer to the question "why do materials preventing heterogeneous nucleation of $CO_2$ aren't used for soda bottles and glasses?".
Two possible answers so far that I thought ...
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Does nucleation depend on the rate of change in pressure in a carbonated liquid?
Carbonated beer flowing from a keg through a short length of tubing results in large quantities of foam. Unintuitively (at least to me), increasing the length of tubing results in a less frothy drink.
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A Proposed Improvement to the Diet Coke and Mentos Experiment
I am sure most of you are aware of the Diet Coke and Mentos craze - put a few mentos in a bottle of diet coke and whoosh!
Equally, I am sure most of you are aware that this occurs because the gas is ...
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Does Nucleation Occur during Phase Equilibrium?
I understand that during phase transition nucleation must occur. I'm wondering, once phase equilibrium is established, does nucleation still occur? For instance, in liquid-vapour equilibrium, does ...
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Difference in chemical potential in supersaturated solutions
I have been more or less struggeling to understand an equation that is apparently used in almost all books covering crystals in any way.
Basically every book that I have found explains the following:
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Bubbling metal vapor through liquid Helium?
When a metal cools from its liquid state, part of the nucleation happens from pre-existing clusters (a group of unit cells of the crystal lattice) already present in the liquid.
In the case of a ...
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Do superheating and supercooling only occur from liquid?
Superheating of a liquid past its boiling point (retarded boiling) is a well-known phenomenon. However, is there such a thing as supercooling of gas past its condensation point?
Conversely, ...
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