Questions tagged [laser-interaction]
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What is the theoretical range of temperature the air must be in order to reflect/refract light (for a volumetric a display)?
Well, the only question I found in this website about volumetric displays on air was this one, but it specifically suggests making air denser in order to make it work, but my question is specifically ...
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Canceling the remaining time-dependence in a "cyclic" Hamiltonian for which rotating frame transformation (RFT) fails?
Question: Is there a transformation or simple approximation to use to cancel the time-dependence in a Hamiltonian of form
$$
H_{G} = \sum_{(m,n)\in E,\ m<n}\Omega_{mn} e^{-i\Delta_{mn} t} |m\rangle\...
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How to measure the wavelength of a laser? [duplicate]
I'm building an enclosure for a laser engraver that emits light at ~455nm. I want to be able to measure the wavelength of the light that is refracting off the item being engraved. I would want to be ...
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What is maximum chirp coefficient in ultra-intense laser pulse?
Are there any formulas for examining limitations on the linear chirped value of ultra-intense laser pulse?
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How can neutral, even-numbered atoms like strontium be trapped in a magnetic trap?
Since the beginning of this year, there has been a lot of attention paid to newly-created 'Pauli crystals', also known as 'Pauli-blocking crystals'......
Using ionized atoms, or at least odd- numbered ...
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Can laser beam condense water vapour?
Suppose you pump humidity (water vapour) in an enclosed tank fitted with lasers in all directions, will the water vapour turn to liquid due to collision of photons and $\text{H}_2\text{O}$ molecules?.....
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How to relate laser pulse characteristics to the degrees of ionization of a target (i.e. how many electrons get removed per atom)?
Say I have a lithium foil as a target for a laser. Li has $3$ protons and $3$ electrons and therefore $3$ degrees of ionization associated with $3$ ionization energies (for removing the first, second ...
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Weird pattern for a laser beam spot
I am trying to measure the gaussian profile of a laser beam, which is supposed to be T00. The profile shown in the specifications looks very Gaussian, and the laser is brand new. I am using this ...
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Requirements for Z-scan or I-scan measurements of nonlinear optical materials
I am looking to understand what requirements there are for any version of Z-Scan technique or the I-scan technique. These techniques are used for measuring nonlinear absorption and nonlinear ...
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Does the interaction between 2 photons change its traveling directions?
As I understand from the Hong-Ou-Mandle effect, the interaction between 2 photons is possible. Can 2 Photons interact with each other in free space? Suppose that the 2 photons met in the spacetime ...
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How does a light source / laser transfer energy to a material?
I am trying to understand the physics of how a laser is able to heat a solid. My understanding so far is that when photons are incident upon a body (e.g. a metal) the momentum of the photons is ...
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Why the dipole interaction term in the Hamiltonian has all diagonal elements to be zero in the energy eigenbasis?
I have been studying the semi-classical light matter interaction from the book, "Light matter interaction" by Weiner and Ho. They have defined the total Hamiltonian of a two level atom ...
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Why was the AC Stark effect only discovered after the laser was invented?
I was reading a paper about the theory of the AC Stark effect, and I was struck by the following assertion:
For instance, the first observation of the AC Stark effect initiated by the laser radiation ...
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Help finding a laser that will pulse with my signal generator
When I connect my 5mW red laser to my signal generator the laser fails to deliver clear square wave pulses once I go below the 2000ns mark.
The signal generator is capable of producing pulses as low ...
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Photon - Neutrino interaction
Suppose we have a laser source, that means a coherent laser beam formed by 'in phase' photons. Is it possible to calculate how many photons can change their wavelength in neutrino - photon interaction ...
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Doppler cooling Ethanol
Is it possible to use laser cooling to cool Ethanol in it's gas phase? I've seen research on IR diode cooling when you reverse the electrodes but laser cooling was/has always been limited to atoms and ...
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Why is the frequency of emitted photon of laser different from the frequency of incident photon? [closed]
Why is the frequency of photons emitted from a laser different than the frequency of the incident photon?
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Why the transition of electron from an excited state to metastable state in a lasing medium is radiation less?
When an electron transitions from an excited state to the metastable state, no radiation is emitted i.e. a radiationless transition.
My question is: Where does the energy difference between excited ...
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Number of Ionization event estimation
First of all, I am new in this field and therefore if I ask a silly question please forgive me.
I have a gas-cell (say 3$\times$3$\times$3 mm$^3$ volume) filled with a N$_2$ gas. The number density is ...
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How is three-dimensional laser cooling possible?
I am a bit confused about laser cooling an atom in all three dimensions. I think I have understood the one-dimensional case: The atom absorbs doppler-shifted laser light and the momentum in this ...
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How to put laser field into the Hamiltonian of the Schrodinger equation of a 3-level quantum system?
I read a paper about using femtosecond laser to control a 3-level quantum system. The author wrote the Schrodinger equation for the system and wrote the expression of the laser field. But I still don'...
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Units of energy and frequency
I read a paper about using femtosecond laser to process an atom. The units used in the paper bothered me. I have four questions.
(1) Why the unit of energy is cm$^{-1}$?
(2) It seems that the author ...
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Features of plasmon and surface plasmon polariton
What is the difference between surface plasmon polariton and plasmon in the Hamiltonian? So let's say that I can diagonalize the Hamiltonian of the system I am studying no matter how complicated that ...
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What is box shape in ion beam drivers for ICF?
What is the meaning of box shape in the ion beam pulses?
i mean in plasma we say the ion beam irradiating the capsule is box shaped. what does it mean?
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What is the difference between ion beam and laser?
What is the difference between laser beams and ion beams, especially in inertial confinement fusion?
In inertial fusion, we use lasers as well as ion beams for driving the reaction. What is the ...
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How to kill an insect without touching it? [closed]
Apart from the interception by a sufficiently powerful laser, what would be the means to neutralize (kill/repel) an insect in full flight and indoors (so no water, pepper, etc), and without touching ...
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How to calclate Drude dielectric function vs probe energy from time resolve spectroscopy?
How can I calculate drude dielectric function vs probe energy (in eV) form differential transmittance vs delay time plots.
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How to calculate the Rabi frequency of a pulsed laser?
I read that the Rabi frequency $\Omega$ for a constant intensity laser with intensity $I$ is given by $$\Omega=9.95 \times10^7 \sqrt I$$ from Equation 3 in this paper.
For a pulsed laser, how does ...
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Photoelectrons could be detected in position space rather than momentum space?
In experiments, to study the interaction between atoms and light, experimenters use lasers ( i.e. coherent light) that interact with a gas of atoms. This treatment is pure statistics. To be more ...
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Classical treatment of light-matter interaction, why light state changing is ignored?
In a semiclassical treatment of light-matter interaction commonly we treat atomic target (atom, surface, molecule, etc) quantum mechanically and the light is considered as a classical wave function ...
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Oppossing Laser Beams Cause One Beam to Disappear [duplicate]
I posted a video early where I asked the question about opposing laser beams appearing to turn one laser off. Further experiments, however, have demonstrated that it is interference at play not that ...
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Opposing Laser Beams Turns One Laser Off
When I send two separate laser beams directly into each other one of the beams goes completely out. These are inexpensive 5mv red diode lasers. What’s happening inside the laser to make it “turn off”? ...
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New concept - fiber optic gyro
Dear people of laser science,
my understanding of fiber optic gyro is:
a single laser beam runs into a cube splitter, then the 2 beams are driven into the opposing ends of a fiber (coil). Then in the ...
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Rigorous adiabatic elimination for $N$-state quantum system under harmonic perturbation
I am interested in a rigorous derivation of the coherent evolution of a quantum system with $N$ states under the application of a harmonic perturbation. I have read several articles about the use of ...
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Behavior of collimated beam inside tubular first-surface-mirror
Picture a cylindrical tube, the interior surface of which is a 1st-surface mirror coating. Visualize the diameter of this tube as circumscribing an equilateral triangle with sides A,B,C. The plane ...
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Is it possible to produce shock waves in air using low intensity pulsed lasers?
Air has about 0.04% carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide has a very strong absorption band around 4.2µm. Let's say I used a nanosecond pulsed 4.2µm MIR source and targeted it into air, part of this would be ...
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Calculating Laser Beam Intensity Absorbtion
This question pertains to the ability to calculate the laser beam intensity , at a particular point in time when using lasers for the purposes of Cutting and Engraving Materials.
The parameters at ...
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What is the exact usage of internal heat generation term used in a general heat conduction equation?
∂/∂x (λ ∂T/∂x)+ ∂/∂y (λ ∂T/∂y)+ ∂/∂z (λ ∂T/∂z)+ q_v= ρC_p ∂T/∂t------1
T - Temperature (Temperature of the material)
ρ - Density of the material
C_p - Specific heat capacity of the material
t - ...
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What are the losses in a laser cavity?
I studied that to get the lasing conditions gain must overcome the losses. But what are the losses? Thanks a lot
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Why do lasers need mirrors at the edge of the cavity?
If the avalanche stimulated emissions start from the first absorbtion that occurs in the cavity then why are mirrors needed? I imagine a photon that even without mirrors stimulates extra coherent ...
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What is the fastest way to photodissociate/bleach melanin - with lasers or LEDs - without heat?
Melanin is the chemical that makes our skin dark. Melanin absorbs in very well in the UV, but when one does so, the solution/molecule gets very hot.
Is there a way to photodissociate melanin without ...
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Does the optical transmittance of pulsed laser through a transparent material differ quantitatively from a continuous wave laser?
The absorption & transmittance of light through a transparent medium is described by the Beer-Lambert law. But the equation does not factor in the time parameter so I assume it describes ...
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Saha-Boltzmann Equation
I am following Ahmed, Ahmed, Rafiqe & Baig A comparative study of Cu–Ni Alloy using LIBS, LA-TOF, EDX, and XRF paper on Laser Induced Breakdown spectroscopy.
It mentions two versions of Saha-...
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Angular momentum and Zeeman effect
Supposing an Alkali atom positioned in magnetic field in $z$-axis. I understand linearly polarized laser propagating in $z$-axis can induce $\sigma$ transmission. But I could not figure out how laser ...
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Quantum Coherence in a Two-level System in the Density Matrix Formalism
Dealing with semiclassical light-matter interaction, in particular the interaction between an electromagnetic field and a two level system using the density matrix formalism, I learned that the system ...
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Direct energy weapon vs kinetic energy
Good day,
I would love to ask this question. Lets say that I have a energy source capable of delivering 10^30 watts with capacitors to match it and I would like to use this energy as a weapon (sort ...
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What angle does light leave a 400micron fibre if it entered from a single mode fibre (0.14NA)?
We would like to connect a single mode coupled laser to a 400micron fibre. Ideally, we'd like the light to come out of the 400micron fibre at all angles or close to the maximum divergence angle, ...
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What laser frequency is needed for the Doppler cooling of iron?
What laser frequency is needed for Doppler cooling iron? How do you determine this frequency?
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Where does laser reflection (1) come from?
I have the above experiment setup where a triangulation-based laser scanner projects a laser (line) towards a transparent glass material. I then took a picture using my phone (indicated in the above ...
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Optical tweezers : dipole force or radiative pressure?
Two types of forces are usually considered to describe light-matter interaction. On the one hand, the radiative pressure, which corresponds to absorption - spontaneous emission cycles, is proportional ...
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