Questions tagged [laser-interaction]
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Saha-Boltzmann Equation
I am following Ahmed, Ahmed, Rafiqe & Baig A comparative study of Cu–Ni Alloy using LIBS, LA-TOF, EDX, and XRF paper on Laser Induced Breakdown spectroscopy.
It mentions two versions of Saha-...
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1answer
27 views
Angular momentum and Zeeman effect
Supposing an Alkali atom positioned in magnetic field in $z$-axis. I understand linearly polarized laser propagating in $z$-axis can induce $\sigma$ transmission. But I could not figure out how laser ...
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Quantum Coherence in a Two-level System in the Density Matrix Formalism
Dealing with semiclassical light-matter interaction, in particular the interaction between an electromagnetic field and a two level system using the density matrix formalism, I learned that the system ...
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Direct energy weapon vs kinetic energy
Good day,
I would love to ask this question. Lets say that I have a energy source capable of delivering 10^30 watts with capacitors to match it and I would like to use this energy as a weapon (sort ...
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1answer
25 views
What angle does light leave a 400micron fibre if it entered from a single mode fibre (0.14NA)?
We would like to connect a single mode coupled laser to a 400micron fibre. Ideally, we'd like the light to come out of the 400micron fibre at all angles or close to the maximum divergence angle, ...
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1answer
29 views
What laser frequency is needed for the Doppler cooling of iron?
What laser frequency is needed for Doppler cooling iron? How do you determine this frequency?
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2answers
70 views
Where does laser reflection (1) come from?
I have the above experiment setup where a triangulation-based laser scanner projects a laser (line) towards a transparent glass material. I then took a picture using my phone (indicated in the above ...
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0answers
24 views
Optical tweezers : dipole force or radiative pressure?
Two types of forces are usually considered to describe light-matter interaction. On the one hand, the radiative pressure, which corresponds to absorption - spontaneous emission cycles, is proportional ...
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1answer
25 views
For a laser that changes color discretely between each ultra fast pulse, what color would the laser appear to the naked eye?
Say you had a laser that pulsed faster than your eye could perceive it, so that it appeared to fire constantly. Imagine that in between each pulse the laser changed to every color of the rainbow for ...
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1answer
65 views
Plasma in solids
One way to create plasma is to focus a very powerful laser pulse to a small beam waist. In gaseous atoms, ionization will occur, yielding a soup of ions and electrons, which we call a plasma.
But ...
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25 views
How to calculate laser parameters for drilling 30um holes?
To drill such small holes around 30 micro-meter in Cu(used in Printed Circuit Boards), what type of laser should be selected? How to calculate the parameters of laser like its wavelength, pulse ...
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36 views
What are some mechanisms that can lead to unexpected/anomalous spectral lines
I am studying fluorescent spectroscopy (laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy specifically). In a particular atomic spectrum, there are some unexpected lines not associated with any known ...
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38 views
Why do we use detuned lasers?
One often comes across optical systems like cavities, where detuned lasers are used. Why does one need a detuned lasers? What can we do with a detuned laser that we can't do with a "non-detuned" laser?...
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1answer
47 views
Light and laser effects on surfaces. How and why do they cause a material to decay?
Anyone that's been in a museum knows that's it's forbidden to photograph mainly old or very deteriorated crafts using a flash, but what is the reason for this? I don't see how a burst of relatively ...
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1answer
104 views
Calculating the Rabi frequency of a pulse
If I apply a $\frac{π}{2}$ pulse of linewidth 5MHz centred at 99MHz to a nuclear spin also centred at 99MHz, is there a way to calculate a Rabi frequency of this interaction? I realise the Rabi ...
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1answer
101 views
Why does a near UV laser show as a green path in tap water?
i am using a 405nm laser and shining through a glass with regular tap water, also i noticed that it shows as an almost white path in the thick glass bottom, what causes this?
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1answer
46 views
How does yag Laser is LASIK work? And what is its lowest precision (till now)?
I am in a undergrad Vison Science class where the professor recently talked about LASIK surgery. In the surgery, a special type of laser that could heat up a specific point (a sphere actually) and ...
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2answers
121 views
Bending of laser beam wavefront
It is intuitive to me (correct me if I am wrong), that the direction of the wave vector in (real, not modeled) laser beam is not aligned with the direction of propagation everywhere in space. It means,...
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1answer
111 views
Would an incoherrent point source of light have any effect on a coherent
If you had a coherent laser beam that was split between reference and sample beams and the sample beam passes through the emission from a point source, there should be some disturbance right?
I know ...
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64 views
Electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) and Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage(STIRAP)
What is the connection between Electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) and Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage(STIRAP) in case of lambda system? can we achieve STIRAP with different shapes of ...
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168 views
How can one recover the classical frequency-modulation Bessel sidebands from a quantum emitter in a harmonic well?
Consider an atom that emits at frequency $\omega_0$ that's located at a position $x$ that moves under the influence of a harmonic oscillator at frequency $\nu$. In both classical and quantum physics, ...
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24 views
Testing neutrino magnetic moment in ultra-intense laser fields
In some extended versions of the SM, Dirac neutrinos have a magnetic moment proportional to their mass. Could this be verified by studying neutrinos in ultra-intense laser field?
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1answer
40 views
Logic behind Coulomb explosion fusion?
Many experiments seem to have been done where the experimental setup consists of an extremely short, but intense laser pulse, impinging on e.g. deuterated plastic of some sort or some "jet" of nano ...
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1answer
87 views
Ionizing with 980nm laser
I have been looking at a 980 nm, 5-250 mw, 1 Hz to 1000 kHz pulsed IR laser. I understand that it takes 13.6 eV to ionize oxygen, and 15.6 eV to ionize nitrogen. Our pulses are only every 1,000,000 ...
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346 views
What is laser pumping?
I am having trouble understandingt exactly what this term mean. Can you explain it in layman terms? What i am guessing it means is having a laser do work on molecules by exchanging energy
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1answer
220 views
Can metals be ionized by radiation?
In gaseous state a laser can ionize metal atoms and create a plasma. But what about the solid state? Is a high intensity laser able to ionize a solid metal?
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How does shining, n, lasers of same or differing wavelengths at a small area increase the power at that area?
Is the effect of added lasers simply additive? Is there experimental evidence to confirm, or could someone refer me to this? If definitely seems obvious but I can't assume
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How does self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) work?
Due to the new laser in Hamburg, the XFEL, the following question arised: How does self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) work?
There is an official article here http://www.xfel.eu/overview/...
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1answer
77 views
How can I block or not block a laser beam on a nanosecond scale?
I am doing an experiment in which I would like to block a laser beam, or allow it to be transmitted through on a nanosecond scale, based on the presence or absence of an electrical signal. When ...
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1answer
36 views
High-harmonic generation and few-cycle lasers
These two topics seem to go hand in hand:
High-harmonic generation
Few-cycle lasers
I've been searching the web for some time trying to understand the relationship between the two, but I can't find ...
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0answers
32 views
Does a MASER beam stay un-dispersed like that of a laser?
We know that a laser beam has a very low dispersion rate. Does the same apply for a MASER (Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) beam?
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41 views
How far can diffuse photons from a laterally focused laser beam penetrate in the axial direction?
I have a question regarding practical laser focusing in the axial direction. More specifically, I was looking to get an idea of how large a distance in the axial direction a laser focused at 200nm ...
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1answer
31 views
What determines an emission wavelength after being pumped?
In this diagram, multiple emission lasing wavelengths are shown.
What dictates which wavelength is lased? Is it random? Because this ion can be a four level or 3 level manifold due to the emissions.
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Why does a Gaussian beam shrink in diameter when approaching a focal point?
I'm basing my question on the above graphic. I've been trying to research this, but I'm having trouble getting it into my head. The caption says it follows the $\frac{1}{e^2}$ point on beam intensity, ...
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1answer
272 views
What if the optical length of a cavity is not a half integer scalar of the standing wave wavelength?
Pardon the confusing title, but I'll try and rephrase what I'm asking. Longitudinal modes in a wavelength of light require the optical length of the cavity to be such that the wavelengths need to form ...
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1answer
83 views
What exactly is Q-switching?
Some questions of mine spawned upon reading my lecture notes about Q-switching:
"In a Q-switched laser we stop the laser from oscillating by altering some
property of the laser cavity (otherwise ...
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1answer
374 views
Derivation for wavelength bandwidth
I've been told that for wavelength bandwidth
$\Delta\lambda$, it can be shown that:
$$\Delta\lambda = \frac{(\lambda^2 \Delta\nu)}{c}$$
Where $\Delta\nu$ is the frequency bandwidth and $c$ is the ...
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0answers
50 views
How does Gain-switching produce intensity spikes?
Gain switching is described in my lecture notes as "we simply control how long we supply
energy to the laser for, and thus how long the laser remains above threshold for. As the laser only emits ...
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1answer
59 views
Are some wavelengths 'longer' than others spatially, and as such explain things such as longitudinal modes?
I'm currently learning lasers. In my research of mode-locking, I've stumbled across something called a longitudinal mode.
The allowed modes of the cavity are those where the mirror separation ...
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1answer
400 views
Light-to-heat-conversion (LTHC)
Can somebody explain what is light-to-heat-conversion? how it happens, and what it requires to happen?
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2answers
93 views
Alpha/Beta radiation and photoionisation of air
Which type of radiation is more likely to lower breakdown threshold when using focal lense focused pulse laser,for example 1064nm Nd:YAG.
I reed three studies that said free electrons are most ...
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3answers
319 views
In a Laser, why are modes near the resonance frequency favored?
Before asking my question, I will illustrate how our lecturer treated a Fabry Perot interferometer, because my question is linked to this topic.
Of all the different models to describe laser ...
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1answer
108 views
Laser beam extinction - what happened to the photons
I have seen some contributors (e.g. annaV) state that em-wawes are built up by coherent photons. Now imagine 2 identical thin laser beams (same intensity, same source using a beam splitter and prisms)...
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160 views
SHG conversion efficiency
I worked with a (rather complicated) laser system which eventually was able to produce about $1\,W$ of pulsed laser power and selecting the output wavelength via optical cavity ($1,0\mu m -1,5\mu m$). ...
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1answer
201 views
Photons inducing Directionality in Stimulated emissions of lasers
While studying stimulated emissions, I was wondering how could a photon introduce directionality into another photon emitted by an excited electron just by mere stimulation.
How exactly does this '...
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3answers
365 views
What causes a simultaneous transition of an electron from a higher orbit to a lower one when exposed to a photon of suitable wavelength?
I know this is the basis of LASER action but why does an electron fall to a lower vacant orbit when exposed to a photon of energy equal to the difference between the initial and final orbit? The ...
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1answer
572 views
The difference between parametric and non-parametric linear and nonlinear optical processes?
There are plenty of linear and nonlinear optical processes, that can be divided into two groups: parametric and non-parametric (link). However, why are they called parametric (non-parametric)? What is ...
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2answers
981 views
What is “Radiation Friction”?
From this report on generating high intensity magnetic fields (emphasis added)
The Faraday effect has been known for a long time. It refers to the
polarization plane of an electromagnetic wave ...
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1answer
101 views
BEC interaction with light
I would like to ask when we describe coherent light interacting with atoms, what's the difference in hot atom case and BEC regime?
In hot atom vapor, I know we could start with a simple interaction ...
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40 views
Cloud measurement apparatus, please help with the design
Radar satellites currently use IR measurements of cloud albedo to determine the water mass, density, and altitude of clouds, to understand precipitation for weather forecasts.
I am studying a ...
