Questions tagged [fine-tuning]
"Fine-tuning" is a situation in which the fundamental parameters in a theory must be "fine-tuned", i.e. precisely chosen, in order for a theory's predictions to agree with experimental data.
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How solid state laser is tuned?
My understanding about solid state laser is sample as a source of exciting (lamp ,laser beam, ..) pump the crystal wich emite a certaine range of infrared wavelength sometime in visible range, this ...
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All possible models to explain the hierarchy problem?
There is an interesting paper by Arkani-Hamed and collaborators (https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.06821) to address the hierarchy problem.
There, they consider many possible models of fundamental particle ...
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Cosmological Constant Problem calculations involving energy densities
I am following Timo Weigand lecutre notes on QFT, on page 28, he breifly touches on the Cosmological Constant Problem.
But I am a little confused.
He begins with a Lagrangian and include a nonzero $V_{...
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Perturbative calculation of hierarchy problem
I've been trying to understand the origin of the hierarchy problem for the Higgs mass but I've tied myself into some pretty nasty knots and I'm hoping someone can shed some light on this.
So as I see ...
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Is the Higgs VEV unnatural?
Is there some way to argue that the Higgs VEV is unnatural, without even bringing up the Higgs boson mass? For example, can one show that the Higgs vev receives large corrections from new physics? The ...
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The "survival hypothesis" and supersymmetry
Tidying up my old papers I came across my supersymmetry notes from the late 80s. I thought I'd reread them. They may be out of date now. I find the mathematics somewhat comprehensible but not the ...
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Occurrence of *critical* damping
I am trying to understand the origin of some transient signals the vast majority of which have shape $(t/\tau) \exp(-t/\tau)$ for $t\gt 0$. This is notoriously the impulse response of a critically ...
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Is fundamentally, gravity being much weaker than electromagnetism a myth? [duplicate]
I came across these two, conflicting conclusions information sources comparing at the quantum-scale distances (e.g. distance between two protons) the strength of Gravity Vs. Electromagnetism.
I ...
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Strong $CP$ problem and fine tuning
I have worked my way up to and through Srednicki's Quantum Field Theory chapter 94 and was also doing some reading on the internet about the strong $CP$ problem.
Wikipedia's entry on the strong $CP$ ...
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Can the low Higgs mass solve the problem of fine tuning of the Fermi constant?
The Standard Model indicates that quantum corrections to the Fermi constant make its value surprisingly large, and that its value could be closer to the Newtonian constant of gravitation unless there ...
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Why would the ratio of the strong nuclear force to electromagnetism be about 137 to 1? What does the fine structure constant have to do with it? [closed]
Is it just another weird coincidence that the strong force is approximately 137 times as strong (at appropriate distances) as the EM force?
Also, when comparing the four fundamental forces and their ...
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When tweaking values of physic's fundamental constants, how are outcomes observed?
I often read about the concept of the "Fine-Tuned Universe".
From my understanding, the universe's existence is sensitive to the values of certain fundamental physical constants, which are ...
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Yet another 'dimensional regularization vs. the Hierarchy Problem' one
My current point of view regarding the Hierarchy Problem is of agreement with Michael's answer in this question. Or, in the words of Manohar in his Introduction to EFT notes, using a cutoff regulator ...
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A finer tuned universe [closed]
I was reading about the idea of the fine-tuned universe and the anthropic principle. It is stated how small changes in some of the physical constants would render life as we know it impossible.
My ...
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Hierarchy Problem and SUSY: Quantum Loop Corrections
One of the reasons SUSY was developed in the 1970s is to solve the mass hierarchy problem with the Higgs, according to which the mass of the Higgs is "unnatural" (cf. https://arxiv.org/abs/...
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Why is naturalness a problem?
I'm studying naturalness in the context of the Renormalization Group, and I don't understand why one talks about the "problem" of (lack of) naturalness.
From what I understand the RG tells ...
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Probability of the cosmological constant having its value - how to understand this idea?
I'm reading this post:
Definition of Fine-Tuning
and John Rennie's answer that we can calculate the probability that the cosmological constant has its observed value (the answer being around 1 in $10^{...
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Fine Tuned Universe Numbers
I come across many articles for interested lay people telling us that our universe is fine-tuned for life. For example, if the weak force was a little bit weaker, than almost all of the hydrogen ...
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Is the hierarchy problem definitely a "problem"?
There have been a bunch of questions related to the hierarchy problem, but I still can't help but feel that an assumption is being made that is not backed by any example of correctness and is thus ...
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Does multiverse theory obviate the need for fine tuning?
I recently read the book by Max Tegmark, The mathematical Universe, where he expounds upon the multiverse and how if ANYTHING can happen, will happen, because of all the ways things can be arranged.
I ...
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Source of hierarchy problem for fermions and bosons
In the beginning of a SUSY course, we computed $1$-loop level corrections to the mass of a bosons $\phi$ and a fermion $\psi$ in the theory
\begin{align}
\mathcal{L} &= \bar{\psi}(i\gamma^\mu D_\...
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Would extra dimensions really solve the hierarchy problem?
The hierarchy problem revolves around the fact that we don't have a way to explain why gravity is so much weaker than the other forces. It may just be a coincidence, but since physicists tend to ...
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The hierarchy problem: Higgs mass correction from gauge boson loop
From this article Fine Tuning Problem (Perez, Weizmann Institute of Science, Lecture Note) in section C, the hierarchy problem arises from the fact that there are quadratically divergent loop ...
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How SUSY solves the hierarchy problem?
I am struggling to understand the argument for why the introduction of a stop in SUSY can solve the hierarchy problem. The quadratic divergence from the top loop in the higgs mass calculation gives a ...
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Why is the flatness problem a problem?
Friedmann equation states
$$ H^2 \equiv \left( \frac{\dot{a}}{a} \right) = \frac{8\pi G \rho}{3} - \frac{k}{a^2} $$
which describes the evolution of the expansion of the universe. Writing $\Omega(t)...
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Does Supersymmetry really assures that the Higgs self-energy contributions cancel out?
The well-known "Supersymmetry Primer" from Stephen Martin explains in his introduction that for the cancellation of the Higgs self-energy diagrams (Fig. 1.1 a + b)
generated by fermions and their ...
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How do we know that the universe is really fine-tuned? [duplicate]
How physicists come to the conclusion that the cosmological constant and the other constants are really fine-tuned in a way that if they are changed just a bit, then stars and life won't exist?
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Does our failure to detect neutrinoless double beta decay spell trouble for the seesaw mechanism?
The seesaw mechanism is a theoretical model of neutrino masses that has the side benefit of (arguably) naturally explaining why neutrinos are so much lighter than the other massive Standard Model ...
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Are the twentyish constants that have to fall in-between certain ranges to make conditions for live to exist necessary? [closed]
I have been listening to an audiobook about what we cannot know (although I have heard about 20 constants somewhere before that, just can't recall where) and in chapter 9, author talks about twenty ...
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Why is technical naturalness a natural expectation?
In first few minutes of this lecture by Nathaniel Craig, he explains the idea of Dirac naturalness in the following way.
Let us consider a QFT as an effective theory with a UV cut-off $\Lambda$. Let $...
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Confusion about choice of renormalization scale in $\overline{\rm MS}$ mass
The $\overline{\rm MS}$ mass is function of the renormalization scale $\mu$. What does it mean to choose this scale $\mu$ as the $\overline{\rm MS}$ mass itself? I am giving some details below to make ...
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Fine-tuning of the cosmological constant (reference request)
It has been claimed in various places on the internet and in books by non-physicists (i.e. by unqualified people) that if the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ had a value different by so much as $10^{-...
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How Supersymmetry solves the hierarchy problem
The fermion contribution to the Higgs mass is
$$\Delta m^2_{H}=-\frac{|\lambda_{f}|^2}{8\pi^2}\Lambda^2_{UV}+\dots$$
And the scalar contribution is:
$$\Delta m^2_{H}=\frac{\lambda_{s}}{16\pi^2}\...
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What is the justification for Dirac's large numbers hypothesis?
Dirac stated that "Any two of the very large dimensionless numbers occuring in Nature are connected by a simple mathematical relation, in which the coefficients are of the order of magnitude unity."
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How the hierarchy of forces is explained by Supersymmetry?
The hierarchy problem is often stated in two ways:
First, the divergent corrections to the Higgs bare mass,
second, why is gravity so much weaker than the other three forces.
The solution to the ...
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Why is the smallness of Higgs mass not technically natural?
Technical naturalness
The smallness of a parameter $\theta$ in the Lagrangian of a quantum field theory is said to be technically natural, if in the limit of vanishing $\theta$, the theory has some ...
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How is there no hierarchy problem without UV cutoff?
I can understand the quadratic divergent corrections to Higgs bare mass which is referred to as the hierarchy problem.
But I don't understand how there won't be any hierarchy problem if we do not ...
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Does technical naturalness hold only for global symmetries, or also gauge symmetries?
Suppose you have an action $S(\epsilon) = S_1 + S_2 + \epsilon\, S_\mathrm{int}$. Assume that $S_1$ is gauge invariant under the action of the group $G$ and $S_2$ is gauge invariant under the action ...
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What actually is the flatness problem?
One of the Friedman equations is given by $$
H^2\equiv\Big(\frac{\dot{a}}{a}\Big)^2=\frac{8\pi G}{3}\rho-\frac{k}{a^2},\tag{1}
$$ which fixes the evolution of $a$ (with given $\rho(t)$) if values for $...
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$\theta$ angle QCD technically natural
Why exactly does the observed smallness of the $\theta$-angle in QCD constitute a fine-tuning problem?
I thought that the content of 't Hooft's technical naturalness was exactly that a parameter is ...
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Hierarchy problems: calculating the mass of the Higgs vs. other SM particles
While reading up on hierarchy problems in particle physics (wikipedia), I stumbled onto the statement that in the Standard Model, there is no hierarchy problem (or at least it cannot be formulated) ...
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What really enforces technical naturalness of electron mass?
Technical or 't Hooft naturalness A parameter $\theta$ in the Lagrangian of a field theory is said to be natural, if in the limit of vanishing $\theta$, the theory has some enhanced symmetry. If this ...
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Why is the up quark is lighter than the down quark, while top is heavier than bottom?
Up, charm and top seem to be similar in terms of electric charge (+2/3e) while down, strange and bottom have also same charge (-1/3e). In the second and third family, positively charged quark has ...
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Fine Tuning of the Universe
I'm an A level student looking into the fine tuning of various constants.
Physicists explain the extensive effects that would happen if these constants were to be changed/different and hence, how this ...
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Is naturalness meaningful for non-fundamental theories?
Naturalness has been a guiding philosophy for particle physics for a long time, but a few years ago I heard a talk by Nima Arkani-Hamed where he pointed out that it seems to have failed us as it ...
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What happens to the massive gauge bosons in a simple Little Higgs model?
I'm trying to understand a simple Little Higgs (toy) model where the Higgs doublet is made of pseudo Nambu-Goldstone Bosons generated by breaking the symmetry from $SU(3)_L\times U(1)_Y$ to $SU(2)_L\...
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Bound on large extra dimensions using gravitational waves
Are there proposed observations using gravitational waves which put a bound on the size of large extra dimensions (say in the context of ADD model)? The claim in the ADD paper is that you cannot ...
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Estimate of neutrino masses from the values of $\Delta m_{21}^2$ and $\Delta m_{13}^2$ only!
The blog here says that
The measured mass differences between the eigenstates are $\Delta m_{21}^2=7.5\times 10^{-5} {\rm eV}^2$ and $\Delta m_{13}^2=2.5\times 10^{-3} {\rm eV}^2$, suggesting that ...
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Hierarchy problem and loop quantum gravity
According to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchy_problem#Finite_Groups.
Hierarchy problem can be theoretically solved using symmetry of certain bosonic string theory on the Leech lattice (though ...
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Why naturalness is an issue in particle physics? It is not in fluid dynamics
I have often heard that naturalness is a strong argument in favor of Supersymmetry. They say that there must be energy scales not too far away the EW-energy so that the quantum corrections of the ...
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