Questions tagged [dipole]
The dipole tag has no usage guidance.
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Dipole Inside Cavity of A Spherical Conductor
Consider the following case:
There is a short electric dipole placed arbitrarily inside a spherical cavity inside a solid,uncharged conducting sphere
We need to find electric field at a point ...
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What is dipolar charge distribution?
An electric dipole is a system of two opposite point charges when their separation goes to zero and their charge goes to infinity in a way that the product of the charge and the separation remains ...
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Nature of interaction of two magnetic dipoles
Is the force of interaction between two magnetic dipoles a conservative force? If not, how do we find that force?
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How to derive a force expression for dipole-dipole interaction
Background
I recently asked a question about how to derive a force expression between a point charge and a dipole. This got me wondering whether I could extend this solution to dipole-dipole ...
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1answer
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Is there an electric field in a poled piezoelectric crystal at rest?
From my understanding, after a piezoelectric crystal is poled, all the dipoles are roughly aligned inside it, so that the piezoelectric effect is not negligible. However, wouldn't that result in a ...
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1answer
31 views
How to cast dipole point charge force expression from cylindrical to Cartesian coordinates
Background
I am currently building simulations of molecular dynamics and one thing I want to model is dipole interactions. I recently came across this post about calculating the force between a point ...
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Electric flux through y-z plane in a dipole [closed]
A dipole lies on the $x$-axis with positive charge $+q$ at $x=d/2$ and the negative charge $-q$ at $x=-d/2$.find the electric flux $Φ$ through y-z plane placed midway between between the charges.
My ...
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1answer
28 views
Electric dipole moment of two infinite charged lines
Two parallel infinite opposite charged lines (of uniform density $\lambda$) are placed at distance $L$ from each other. Need to calculate the electric dipole moment of this system.
How do you do such ...
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Integrand discontinuity of surface integral of electric field of dielectrics
I am reading an article here on dielectrics
Equation $(4.10)$ is:
$$\Phi(\mathbf{r})=\dfrac{1}{4\pi \epsilon_0}\int_{V} \dfrac{d^3r'}{|\mathbf{r}-\mathbf{r'}|} [\rho (\mathbf{r'})\ -\nabla'.\mathbf{...
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1answer
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approximation to the dipole of 2 infinite line charges
This is the question:
2 infinite line charges are located at distance $l$ and charged with linear charge density $\lambda $ and $-\lambda$. Find the electric field and the electric potential away ...
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1answer
33 views
Perturbation theory for molecules, dipole approximation, chromophore
I am interesting in chromophore group and dipole approximation.
For example, i have a molecule (acetone or any other ketone/enol) which is belongs to some symmetry group. Because of the symmetry ...
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1answer
52 views
Do neutral particles interact with EM radiation?
This question has been bugging me for a while. I asked my professor, I read a couple of posts here and from other sources and some people say that neutral particles interact with light and some people ...
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How a sphere can be assumed as dipole?
From the book introduction to electrodynamics by David Griffiths , fourth edition, page no 279, there is an example to find the magnetic field of uniformly magnetized sphere. It said the magnetic ...
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Adding Hertzian Dipoles
I want to add the electric fields of two Dipoles oscillating with 180° phase difference positioned at $(0,d,z)$ and $(0,-d,z)$. When I calculate the field in the origin, I wonder that my (bought) ...
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1answer
76 views
Spherical wavefronts from a linear electric dipole-antenna
We are given the equation
\begin{equation*}
\vec{E}=\hat{u}_\theta\ p_0 \sin{(\theta)}\frac{k^2}{4\pi\varepsilon_0r}\sin{(kr-\omega t)}~,
\end{equation*}
that describes the far field radiated ...
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2answers
49 views
Electric field and potential [duplicate]
Suppose we consider a point dipole i.e. an ideal dipole. At the origin the potential:
$$ \phi(\mathbf r) = \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{\mathbf p\cdot\hat{\mathbf r}}{r^2}$$
is undefined due to ...
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How to determine the best-fit magnetic dipole Gauss coefficient in a shifted coordinate system?
Introduction
A planetary magnetic field $\vec{B}$ can be described outside of the planet using Gauss coefficients $g_n^m$ and $h_n^m$ and a spherical harmonic expansion:
$$\vec{B} \;=\; -\vec{\...
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Why is the singularity not taken into account?
In this article "Reflections on Maxwell’s Treatise", Section 4.2, it says:
He replaces $\mathbf{m}$ with a volume element of magnetization $\mathbf{M}\ dV$ , integrates over $V$ , and lets the same ...
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2answers
48 views
If one divides the molecular dipole of HCl by the interatomic separation, the result is not a multiple of the electron charge. Why is that?
I'm having some trouble understanding the reasoning behind the final note in the following worked problem:
An HCl molecule has a dipole moment of $3.4\times10^{-30}\:\rm C\:m$. Assuming that equal ...
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1answer
37 views
What is the force on a dipole in a uniform electric field?
For an electric dipole of dipole moment $\vec{p}$ placed in an electric field $\vec{E}$ experiences a force given by $$\vec{F}=-\nabla U=-\nabla(\vec{p}\cdot\vec{E})=(\vec{p}\cdot\nabla)\vec{E}.$$ So $...
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1answer
57 views
Dipole over a conductor plane
If we place a charge $q$ over an infinite grounded plane we can find the potential in all points of space using the method of images and find the induced surface charge on the plane.
However, how ...
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Why is electric dipole moment represented by “p”?
I recently came across a text where the electric dipole moment was represented as "d" instead of the more commonly used "p". The reason behind using "d" here is probably that "dipole moment" begins ...
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3answers
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Is it necessary that, in $q$ dipole charges should be equal and opposite?
When I read about multipole expansion in Griffith book, i saw that "if total charge is zero, dipole moment is independent of origin."
I have some doubts about this.
I learned that the dipoles are two ...
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1answer
205 views
Torque on dipole in a non-uniform electric field [duplicate]
What happens when an electric dipole is kept in a nonuniform electric field?
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1answer
111 views
Radial vs tangential component of electrical field due to dipole
I was wondering that why should the maximum magnitude (with respect to $\theta$) of radial component of electrical field of an electric dipole, $$E_r=-\partial V/\partial r=\frac{2p \cos\theta}{4\pi\...
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1answer
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Electric field of two equal charges of the same sign [closed]
Two equal positive charges are at distance d, -d from the origin on the y axis. What is the distance on the x axis beyond which a small perturbation in y will move a particle away from the x axis?
...
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1answer
51 views
Can I replace a multipole expansion by a combination of separate dipoles?
If I want to be able to model a magnetic field flux density $\mathbf{B}$ from a magnetic source located at the origin at a position $\mathbf{r}$, it is my understanding that I can represent $\mathbf{B}...
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36 views
How is total angular momentum conserved in electric dipole transitions for ΔJ = 0 in a multi-electron atom?
One of the selections rules is that
ΔJ=0,±1
for an electric dipole transition in a multi-electron atom, where J is the total angular momentum. Since
...
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1answer
31 views
Electrodynamics confusion - Hertzian dipole
I am studying a course in Electrodynamics and we are just covering retarded potentials and the Hertzian dipole.
In my lecture notes, we have calculated the magnetic vector potential $A$ in the ...
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46 views
Paradox in conservation of energy
Let us assume there is a constant electric field in an interested region (finite volume)and a non-conducting object is thrown into it with speed $v$ and now take the second scenario with the same ...
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3answers
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Deriving the electric displacement field ($D$ field)
I am trying to derive the $D$ field (or electric displacement field):
$$D=\varepsilon _{0}E+P$$
I am using the following relationships:
$$\rho=\rho_{f} + \rho_{b}$$
$$ \rho_{b} =-\nabla \cdot P$$
...
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1answer
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Question on force between dipoles [closed]
Two point dipoles of dipole moment $p_1$ and $p_2$ are at a distance $x$ from each other, and $p_1$ is parallel to $p_2$. The force between the dipoles is?
I’m not understanding what does point ...
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3answers
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Isn't magnetism governed by the inverse square law? [duplicate]
Why does magnetism appear to decay much faster than gravity with distance?
A clear indication of this is the fact that a magnet that in short distance able to overcome gravity and pick up some object,...
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1answer
107 views
How to derive the $\frac{4\pi}{3}\vec{p}\delta^3(\vec{r})$ element for the dipole field, from its potential?
This might be a bit more general question about how to figure out what is the appropriate (delta) expression in singular points, but e.g. for the dipole, we can derive its potential by a taylor ...
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Optical tweezers : dipole force or radiative pressure?
Two types of forces are usually considered to describe light-matter interaction. On the one hand, the radiative pressure, which corresponds to absorption - spontaneous emission cycles, is proportional ...
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2answers
227 views
What is the physical significance of Dipole moment?
What does dipole moment physically signify? I know it is the product of 2 charges and distance between them. Like momentum is the product of mass and velocity, but physically it shows the quantity of ...
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1answer
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Why does a ionic crystal polarize more at low frequencies rather than at high ones?
And if there was a difference if the propagational mode of the electric field in the crystal is longitudinal or transverse.
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2answers
48 views
Working principle of an optical stretcher
I understand that while using an optical stretcher experimental apparatus we attach a small dielectric ball to the specimen of study which can either be a DNA molecule, a Biological cell or any ...
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1answer
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Question about Optical tweezers working principle
Why do particles on the periphery of the laser beam in optical tweezers apparatus drift to the center of the beam? What force pattern causes this pull to the center?
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1answer
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What is the mechanism by which light induce polarity in tiny particles?
I understand that the electric field in light induces polarity in tiny microparticles for example. Can someone explain the mechanism of how the vibrating electric field in light induces a dipole ...
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2answers
218 views
Expression for electric potential around an electric dipole in Cartesian coordinates
I'm trying to find the equation of the electric potential of a electric dipole in Cartesian coordinates.
The equation should take the form of something looks like this:
$$z = x\exp(-x^2-y^2)$$
...
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2answers
584 views
How to calculate the dipole potential in spherical coordinates
I want to calculate the dipole potential in spherical coordinates. I know that the potential can be calculated with
$$ \phi = - \int \mathbf E \cdot\mathrm d\mathbf r,$$
but I don't know the electric ...
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31 views
Is a dipole vector directly dependent of the dielectric constant in vacuum?
Supposing to have a little gas particle of diameter d surrounded by an electric field that varies sinusoidally in time $\vec{E} = \vec{E_0}sin(\omega t)$ such that $d << \lambda $, I want to use ...
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1answer
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Does half wave in dipole means that duration of 1/4 of signal cycle should equals capacitor charging time, if we consider that dipole is capacitor?
Does half wave in dipole means that duration of 1/4 of a one signal cycle should equals capacitor charging duration, if we consider that dipole is a capacitor?
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3answers
361 views
Electric dipole moment when charges are not symmetrically opposite each other [closed]
In the above figure, I want to calculate the net dipole moment.
I know that dipole moment is a collection of equal and opposite charges. But, according to that concept, the above figure cannot be a ...
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1answer
27 views
From where energy comes for the heat released when direction of electric field is changed with a dipole placed in the field
This is an example problem in my book. Forget about the values.
Initial anf final(after heat is released) conditions in this problem are same, ie, dipole moment and electric field are in same ...
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1answer
423 views
Electric dipole moment of electron: about what point is the moment taken?
There is a lot of experimental research activity into whether the electron has an electric dipole moment. The electron, however, has a net charge, and so its dipole moment
$$
{\bf \mu}= \int ({\...
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4answers
551 views
Why does an atom in an oscillating electric field behave like an electric dipole?
How can I understand that an atom subjected to an oscillating electric field (e.g., $\vec{E}=\hat{i} E_0\cos\omega t$) behaves like an oscillating electric dipole? What is the underlying picture that ...
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4answers
76 views
Analogue of charge distribution in magnetostatics
Short of magnetic monopoles, what is the analogue of charge distribution in magnetostatics? Can we call it magnetic pole distribution?
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Why is the electric field of an axial quadrupole not the same as the electric field of two axial dipoles, at far distance?
An axial electric quadrupole, made of four inline charges $(+q, -q, -q, +q)$ with opposite charges a distance $a$ apart, and the two $-q$ charges adjacent, has an electric field at a remote point $P$ ...
