Questions tagged [coriolis-effect]
The coriolis-effect tag has no usage guidance.
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Planetary vorticity vector calculus
The planetary vorticity is the vorticity due to the rotation of the planet. This should equal the Coriolis parameter. Let $\Omega$ be the angular velocity of the planet ($U_p$ the rotational velocity) ...
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What happens when the centrifugal force and Coriolis force combine?
Imagine someone is walking on a merry-go-round as it spins. Let's say the merry-go-round has a painted circle on it that is concentric with the outer edge of the merry-go-round and the person walking ...
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Running backwards on a carousel
Let's suppose I'm on a carousel rotating with a speed $\omega$ and start running on it in the opposite direction with a speed $v$ such that $\omega r=-v$ where $r$ is the distance between me and the ...
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42 views
Foucault pendulum equations of motion
All the sources I see for the equations of motion for the Foucault pendulum start with the small angle approximation. Does anyone know a source or textbook that does the full derivation? ...
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Can rotation be distinguished from frame-dragging?
I am trapped inside the usual elevator and experiencing a comfortable gravitational field of about 1 g. Or perhaps it's an acceleration of 1 g. I cannot tell which.
However, I notice when I drop an ...
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84 views
The time derivatives of vectors in rotating frames
The image is from Goldstein's book. Here he is saying that the vector in LHS is observed in space frame and the $\frac{d\textbf{G}}{dt}$ in RHS is in body or rotaing frame. By using this he proved the ...
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Equivalence Principle on Earth
I've read that, according to the Equivalence Principle, no experiment can distinguish between uniform acceleration and gravity. If one is in the classically-described elevator with a basin full of ...
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80 views
Coriolis force and liquid on a rotating space station?
On a rotating wheel space station crewed by humans with sea-level conditions (temperature above the freezing point), if liquid was spilled on the floor am I correct in understanding that the Coriolis ...
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1answer
207 views
Application of Coriolis force and centripetal acceleration
Consider a slider capable of sliding on a rod. The rod has a constant angular velocity of $\omega$, and the slider is moving up the rod with a velocity $v$ and acceleration $a$ with respect to the bar....
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77 views
How is the spin of hurricanes explained from an inertial frame?
I have read that hurricanes spin because of the Coriolis effect. Since the Coriolis force is a ficticious force, which is only present in a frame that is rotating w.r.t. to an inertial one, I am ...
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102 views
Coriolis Force: Direction Perpendicular to Rotation Axis Visualization
The Coriolis force acts in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis and to the velocity of the body in the rotating frame and is proportional to the object's speed in the rotating frame (more ...
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Coriolis effect vs preservation of angular momentum on merry-go-round, sniper's bullet, hovering helicopter and high altitude rockets
I understand that how helicopter hovers at the same position or a thrown ball falls to the same position even though earth is spinning. This is due to the preservation of angular momentum and my ...
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66 views
General relativity and absolute rotation
Are both centrifugal force and Coriolis force really fully explained by what is called "frame dragging" in GR? And if that is correct, does this concept "frame dragging" solve the ...
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50 views
Foucault pendulum and atmosphere
I'm a bit confused with how the foucault pendulum works.
EDIT for clarity:
The Foucault pendulum shows an effect which is commonly described as follows: the plane of oscillation of the pendulum seems ...
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32 views
Can the Coriolis force be entirely neutralized by the Lorentz force?
I have recently hit upon an idea with which I try to make an analogy between the Coriolis force ($\mathbf F = 2m\mathbf v \times \mathbf \Omega,$) and the Lorentz force ($\mathbf F = q\,\mathbf v \...
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Why specifically should a Foucault pendulum be long and massive?
For a pendulum to easily demonstrate the Foucault effect, it should
have as long a cable as possible (this one is 52 feet) and a heavy
symmetrical bob (this one is hollow brass, weighing about 240 ...
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1answer
94 views
How to understand pseudo forces in the Lagrangian formalism?
Consider a free particle in a rotating reference frame. Let us say the coordinates of the particle are given by $(x',y')$ in this frame. For an observer on this frame, (I suspect) the Lagrangian is ...
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1answer
75 views
Can pressure gradient force be balanced by Coriolis force?
I was learning about wind from my class textbook. In that there is first a description of forces affecting the velocity and direction of wind followed by that is geostrophic wind.
My question is:
At ...
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Question about several details in the theory of “Taylor column”
My question refers to a remerkable phenomenon in fluid mechanics, in which flow velocities in a rotating tank of fluid (flow velocity is measured relative to a frame of reference that is rotating ...
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How to determine a direction of Coriolis force at southern hemisphere
If I take my rotating coordinate system as it's shown in the below picture :
Why does using $F=-2mw\frac{\mathrm{d}r}{\mathrm{d}t}$ for a free fall of a particle in the southern hemisphere give me ...
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How does GR treat centrifugal force/acceleration?
We know GR turns gravitation induced acceleration into curvature in spacetime.
But in GR, what happens to the acceleration due to the centrifugal force?
And similarly, the acceleration due Euler or ...
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2answers
48 views
Coriolis force, no latitude change
If you move an object without changing its latitude, according to $$ \vec{F}_c=-2m\vec{\omega}\times\vec{v} $$ you could add or substract weight to the object itself, depending on the $\vec{v}$ ...
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156 views
SI Units and the Coriolis Parameter
I am trying to solve the following equation numerically $$|u_\text{max}|=\frac{\Delta p}{|f|\rho}\frac{\sqrt{2}}{R}\mathrm e^{-1/2} \tag{1}.$$
Here, $\Delta p=20\ \mathrm{hPa}$, $R=500\ \mathrm{km}$ ...
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Feynman Lectures: 20ā3 The gyroscope
In the The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Volume I, Chapter 20, Section 3,The Gyroscope found here, Feynman wrote
We note that when the wheel is precessing, the particles that are going around the ...
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6answers
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Physical meaning of the Coriolis force
Consider the equation $\vec{f}=f\hat{z}$. Here, $f$ denotes the Coriolis parameter $f=2\Omega \sin(\phi)$ and $\hat{z}$ denotes the vertical unit vector.
How can we think of $\vec{f}$ physically? I ...
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Factor of 2 error in angular momentum / Coriolis force calculation
The problem
An object is dropped from a helicopter, which is at rest relative to the Earth rotating at $\Omega$ at height $h=500\text{ m}$ above the ground at the equator.
Without using the Coriolis ...
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3answers
69 views
Is the time for a complete rotation of the plane of swing of a Foucault pendulum only a function of latitude?
The context is explained in this post:
What is the reason for the orbital movement of the Foucault pendulum?
But now my question is not about the orbital behaviour of the pendulum.
I wonder if the ...
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2answers
78 views
Can black hole experiences Coriolis effect?
The weather here are thanks to Earth's rotation, so would there be any coriolis effect however tiny occurs when black hole rotates?
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81 views
Deflection of missile due to Coriolis force
Suppose we launch a rocket from the Equator in a direction due North. If it keeps on flying at a uniform speed, what will be highest latitude that it can achieve?
This is a question which I saw ...
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45 views
Foucault pendulum coordinate representation
I have a homework question that boils down to showing that plane of oscillation for a Foucault pendulum rotates 2$\pi\cos(\theta)$ in a day, where $\theta$ is the colatitude angle. I have seen an ...
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0answers
47 views
Physical importance of centrifugal force and Coriolis force in the context of the restricted 3-body problem
In the textbook Galactic Dynamics (Binney and Tremaine), the restricted three-body problem to find the trajectory of a test mass that orbits in the combined gravitational field of two masses $M$ and $...
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2answers
104 views
Deflection of a Falling Mass at pole
I know that falling objects on the earth are deflected horizontally.
But could anyone tell me how can we calculate the deflection of a mass m dropped from a tower of height h at the north pole?
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1answer
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What is the reason for the orbital movement of the Foucault pendulum?
The Foucault pendulum, now in exhibition at the Paris Pantheon, is 67 meters high, with a period of oscillation about 16 s. Its oscillations last for more than one hour, when an employee manually ...
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2answers
213 views
Having some trouble with acceleration in polar coordinates
So, I solved a question about acceleration in polar coordinates, but most people in my class (Classical Physics, first year at university studying Physics) disagree with my answer. So the question is ...
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3answers
141 views
Confused about the origin of the Coriolis effect when moving along the equator
I'm taking an introductory course on meteorology and in the lecture notes there is an explanation of the Coriolis effect that confuses me. The components of a wind field are u, v and w: $\vec{U} = u \...
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4answers
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What's the relationship between velocity components in the Coriolis effect
I still haven't understood why Coriolis parameter in $(x,y,z)$ plane has its velocity components described as follows:
$$\frac{du}{dt} = f\cdot v$$
and
$$\frac{dv}{dt} = -f\cdot u$$
Why does the ...
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Why do I get a non-zero Coriolis acceleration for a reference frame that moves in a straight line without rotating?
When you have a stationary reference frame $\{O', (\pmb{e}'_1, \pmb{e}'_2, \pmb{e}'_3)\}$ and a moving reference frame $\{O, (\pmb{e}_1, \pmb{e}_2, \pmb{e}_3)\}$, my textbook defines the Coriolis ...
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What does the term “Coriolis Effect” refer to?
I am familiar with Coriolis Effect referring to the effect that deflects eastward a projectile moving north on the rotating Earth. That is, as something applicable to north/south motion only.
There ...
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187 views
Potential for a general fictitious force?
In a general non inertial system four fictitious forces arise:
Coriolis Force,
centrifugal Force,
azimuthal Force,
"translational" Force (due to linear acceleration of the origin of the system)
I ...
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1answer
110 views
Coriolis force versus other effects that deflect an objects falling on earth from its vertical path
I am studying accelerating reference frames and I have solved the famous problem of finding how the Coriolis force deflects the trajectory of a falling object on Earth, the answer being
$$ x_{east} = ...
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3answers
70 views
On the Coriolis effect and weather
I learned in classical mechanics that the Coriolis Effect curves everything with speed to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere, my question is then why ...
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1answer
58 views
Derivation of Coriolis acceleration before vectors got into use
The Coriolis acceleration is known for ages, much before vectors started to be used. Even at the time when Gustave Coriolis was working, vectors were not well established as they are today. Nowadays, ...
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What causes the Sagnac effect?
Wikipedia explains the Sagnac effect as a result of the rotating disk, which moves the target so that one of the light beams has farther to travel and consequently, will arrive later than the other ...
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2answers
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How much do ocean currents alone slow Earth's rotation?
Tidal friction is commonly spoken of as the reason for the slowing of Earth's rotation. What if the moon didn't exist? We would still have ocean currents and wind due to the Coriolis effect and the ...
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1answer
72 views
What will be trajectory of a free falling rotating fan?
Consider a situation, where a fan is rotating in full swing. Suddenly, the contact between ceiling and fan bearing is broken. What will be trajectory of fan if it falls under the infulence of ...
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Does the atmosphere rotate slightly slower than the earth surface?
I often hear the vague explanation that the Coriolis Effect is why air rotates into pressure systems. That doesn't explain it for me though.
Is pressure gradient directly toward the center of the low?...
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1answer
765 views
Why does the Coriolis force appear when deriving the forces on a particle in polar coordinates?
I considered a particle in polar coordinates, $(r,\theta)$, with mass $m$. The standard basis vectors in polar coordinates are:
$$\mathbf{\hat{r}}=\cos{\theta}\mathbf{\hat{x}}+\sin{\theta}\mathbf{\hat{...
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Force on object at South pole
If we have an object of mass $m$, moving on a path of constant longitude travelling at speed v, what will the force on the object be just as it passes the South Pole? We are to assume the Earth is ...
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1answer
280 views
Why doesn't the coriolis force cancel out when a ball is thrown up?
The question is to calculate the lateral displacement of a ball due to the coriolis force once thrown up and allowed to come back down.
The initial equation to work with is $\ddot{x} = -2\omega \dot{...
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Horizontal component of Coriolis force in an aircraft: compensating force with its wings angle
I have the following problem:
"An aircraft is flying at 800 km/h in latitude 55ā¦ N. Find the angle through which it must tilt its wings to compensate for the horizontal component of the Coriolis ...
