Questions tagged [bosons]
Bosons are integer-spin particles that obey Bose-Einstein statistics.
0
votes
2answers
36 views
Difference between $W^-$ and $\pi^-$
Maybe it's a very naif question, but what is the difference between a $W^-$ and a $\pi^-$? I mean they both change a $d$ into a $u$ right?
$d \rightarrow u W^- \quad \text{and} \quad d \rightarrow ...
1
vote
0answers
44 views
A proof that Heisenberg's and Euler Lagrange's equations are equivalent in QFT [closed]
I asked this before (link, link) but I think people didn't understand what I was asking, so I am going to try again . Thanks for everyone that helped so far.
In QFT, Heisenberg's equation is ...
0
votes
0answers
11 views
Can I distinguish a Bose-Einstein Condensate of composite bosons from one of elementary bosons?
The only requirement for an ensemble of particles to undergo a transition into a BEC is to be bosons.
But two fermions also make a bosons.
Are there physical, measureable implications of a BEC being ...
0
votes
0answers
21 views
Do anyonic statistics only arise from spatial degrees of freedom?
Elementary texts on quantum mechanics justify the existence of fermions and bosons using the simple argument that if we have a state of two indistinguishable particles $|a,b \rangle$, where $a$ and $b$...
3
votes
2answers
51 views
Do macroscopic bodies also show quantum nature at extremely low temperatures?
If we consider atoms or molecules and cool them to extremely low tempertures, will they also show quantum nature. Will their wave nature also get dominated? And if they are bosons, will they become a ...
1
vote
0answers
37 views
Example of phenomenon that occurs because Bosons don't obey exclusion principle
I am writing an essay targeted at undergrad level, non-science audience and I am trying to find another real world example of what is possible due to the fact that bosons are not subject to Pauli ...
0
votes
0answers
7 views
Will more than one composite boson can stay in the same energy state if constituent fermions has moderate entanglement?
Let say we consider two distinguishable fermions(bi-fermions) in compact form. The case when both fermions are existing as free fermions, they will obey Pauli exclusion principle. In other case if ...
0
votes
0answers
11 views
super bunching effect of bosons
Let say we consider a $N$ pair of elementry bosons (i.e $N$ composite bosons). At very low temperature these bosons will condense into the ground state. If we find the mean occupation number $\langle ...
4
votes
2answers
99 views
Why do composite bosons form a BEC?
I found this question here but it does not fully answer my question. The answer there was that "composite bosons can occupy the same state when the state is spatially delocalized on a scale larger ...
1
vote
2answers
36 views
What is the criteria of trapped ideal gas to form Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC)?
If we have ideal gas of bosons in a trapped harmonic potential, is the only necessary thing for BEC is a temperature less than the transition temperature? Or is there any other things we should keep ...
1
vote
0answers
27 views
What are soft theorems in context of scalr fields
What are soft theorems ? I tried reading Weinberg’s paper but couldn’t understand it, are there any resources on this ? I am very interested in the case of scalars.
0
votes
3answers
73 views
Wave function of a system of two identical fermions
In N. Zettili's 'Quantum Mechanics Concepts and Applications' [chapter 8, solved problem 8.3], we have to find wave function and ground state energy of a system having two identical fermions and in ...
1
vote
1answer
42 views
Can we consider oscillation of air column in the wind instruments as phonons subject to Bose- Einstein statistics ?
A flute is a wind instrument, which could be modelled as a resonance cylinder open at both ends. Any cylinder resonates at multiple frequencies. A skilful player produces a standing wave in the flute ...
0
votes
0answers
25 views
What is the super-bunching effects of composite boson?
What is the super-bunching effects of composite boson ?
1
vote
0answers
58 views
Can we ever “measure” a quantum field at a given point?
In quantum field theory, all particles are "excitations" of their corresponding fields. Is it possible to somehow "measure" the "value" of such quantum fields at any point in the space (like what is ...
-1
votes
1answer
51 views
Is possible to replace the photon as a force carrier of electromagnetic force with a sfermion-fermion relation pair model?
force carriers or messenger particles or intermediate particles are particles that give rise to forces between other particles.
I read that
A field’s spin is determined by how it transform if you ...
0
votes
0answers
6 views
Relation between entanglement and average number of modes that are taken by constituent particles of coboson
Let we have composite boson made of pair of fermions, and fermions are entangled with each other. The state of composite boson can be written as $ \sum_m \sqrt{\lambda_m} a^{\dagger}_m b^{\dagger}_m |...
1
vote
2answers
46 views
Indistinguishable particles and symmetrization of wavefunction
For 2 indistinguishable particles, we take the wave function to be
$$\psi\pm (r_1,r_2) = A[\psi_a (r1)\psi_b (r2) \pm \psi_b (r1)\psi_a (r2) ]$$
where fermions get a - sign and bosons get a +
But, if ...
3
votes
1answer
65 views
Bose condensate in 4d
Could a boson gas condensate in a hypervolume $V$ in 4D? How can I find its critical temperature and the heat capacity?
In the books it just said volume $V$, it does not specify the dimension.
My ...
1
vote
3answers
98 views
Can we say that bosons attract each other?
We know that bosons donot follow Pauli exclusion principle, thus they can occupy the same state. But is it equivalent to say that bosons attract each other?
2
votes
1answer
50 views
Quantum statistics from the (anti)commutation relations of the operators?
From a QFT point of view, the difference between bosons and fermions is that their creation/annihilation operators ($a^{\dagger}$, $a$ and $c^{\dagger}$, $c^{\dagger}$ respectively) obey the following ...
-2
votes
1answer
29 views
What happens if we consider at the level of calculation-definition (not physically) the photon have charge $\pm$ $1$ and the electron charge = $0$? [closed]
Warning: physically you do not have to change anything, photon still remain 'photon' and electron still remain 'electron'. I'm interested configuring an behavior in particle function exchange, not ...
1
vote
2answers
146 views
Is there such a thing as an anti-boson?
Can there be an anti-boson that when interacting with normal bosons, creates matter, like when anti-matter creates energy when interacting with matter?
I know that anti-particles can be considered ...
0
votes
1answer
45 views
How to calculate the spin of an atom [duplicate]
If given an atom say ${^{108}_{47}Ag}$, what is the systematic way to determine its spin so that one knows whether it is a boson or a fermion?
0
votes
0answers
12 views
What are Cooper pairs in superconductivity? [duplicate]
At low temperature how does electron become Cooper pair and why can they pass through a superconductor without resistance?
Please give quantum mechanical explaination.
1
vote
2answers
109 views
Why is boson spin number related to attraction and repulsion?
The accepted answer to this question says
Since the electroweak interaction is mediated by spin 1 bosons, it is the case that "like (charge) repels like and opposites attract".
Another answer ...
0
votes
0answers
64 views
Chemical potential in Bose-Einstein condensation
For a Bose gas, we know that when temperature goes to zero, chemical potential also reach to zero. At $T=0$ all bosons fall into ground state and thus chemical potential is also zero at $T=0$.
Also ...
1
vote
1answer
30 views
Bose gas Hamiltonian in second quantization with indefinite parity potential
In the book Bose-Einstein Condensation by Pitaevski, Lev; Petrovitch, and Sandro Stringari (Oxford University Press), the Hamiltonian for weakly interacting Bose gas reads as,
$$H=\sum\dfrac{p^2}{2m}\...
4
votes
1answer
97 views
What happens during a weak interaction?
For e.g. during $\beta^-$ decay a $W^- $ boson is emitted changing an up quark to a down quark. This seems very weird to me as it looks like that up quark is not interacting with some other particle ...
1
vote
2answers
121 views
How do I know that gauge fields are bosons?
QED and the Dirac equation have field operators $\psi$ interact with a gauge field $A^{\mu}$.
We identify $\psi$ as a fermionic field and $A^{\mu}$ as a gauge boson - the photon.
Do we or can we ...
0
votes
0answers
21 views
Suppressed emission of composite particles
If a composite (pseudo)Goldstone boson $\phi$ emerges in a spontaneous symmetry breaking (similar to the mesons of QCD), is the emission of the $\phi$ particle suppressed in high-energy processes, i.e....
1
vote
0answers
70 views
Physics of a Second quantized Hamiltonian?
It is frequently seen that the (Bosonic) Hamiltonian $H=e a^{\dagger}a+f( a^{\dagger}a^{\dagger}+a a)$ is discussed and diagonalized using Bogoliubov transformation. My question is that what is ...
2
votes
1answer
72 views
Simulating the evolution of many-boson states
My task is to simulate the scheme presented in this paper: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.77.062316.
In this question: Creating an operator for a polarizing beam splitter, I ...
2
votes
1answer
42 views
Integrals involving Bose-functions (Computational)
In short, I'm looking for some advice/literature how to deal numerically with Bose function.
My physical problem is to calculate a coupled set of Self-energies, thermal loop integrals, self ...
1
vote
0answers
78 views
Definition of Ohmic bath and damping force
I have read the Wikipedia article on quantum dissipation where it is talking about the bath spectral function.
The bath spectral function provides a constraint in the choice of the coefficients $...
3
votes
1answer
83 views
How are computed Branching decay modes (for Higgs boson and from a general point of view)
I would like to know how are computed the branching decay diagram, like for example with Higgs boson represented below (source):
It seems there are 5 ways of decays for Higgs boson.
I suppose there ...
2
votes
2answers
93 views
Two bosons having the same state — how do you know there are two?
So, suppose that photons have the same quantum state. How do we know that there are 'two' photons having the same state, rather than just one?
Is there a technical way to guarantee that there are ...
0
votes
0answers
91 views
Diagonalization of Quadratic Fermionic/Bosonic Hamiltonians
I'm currently reading Quantum Theory of Finite Systems by Blaziot and Ripka, and I have a question regarding the first few pages of chapter 3.
In particular, the chapter takes on the task of ...
0
votes
1answer
27 views
Frequencies associated with boson/fermion operators
For a Hamiltonian like,
$$\hat{H}=\sum_{k}\hbar\omega_{k}b_{k}^{\dagger}b_{k}$$
What does it mean to say that the frequencies $\omega_{k}$ must be positive if $b_{k}$, $b_{k}^{\dagger}$ are boson ...
2
votes
1answer
104 views
Fermionic and Bosonic physical Hilbert spaces - are they actually Hilbert spaces?
Consider two identical particles $A$ and $B$. The combined Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}_A\otimes \mathcal{H}_B \newcommand{\ket}[1]{\left|#1\right>} \newcommand{\bra}[1]{\left<#1\right|} $ is a ...
0
votes
1answer
64 views
Can we have Bose condensation for bosons satisfying a dispersion relation $E=Cp^s$ $\forall$ s?
Suppose a dispersion relation $E=Cp^s$ where $C$ is a constant is known for a collection of massive non-interacting bosons. What is the way to find out whether there will be Bose-Einstein condensation ...
0
votes
0answers
26 views
Bose - Einstein Correlation
I want to study about Bose-Einstein correlations and I have been searching online for many days without any luck. Can any of you suggest me some online materials about this topic? I don't have any ...
0
votes
1answer
73 views
Hard-core bosons and fermions - spinless?
The introduction to this paper about bosonic atoms expanding in an optical lattice says the following:
Are hard-core bosons mapped to spinless fermions?
Because this link shows the mapping ...
0
votes
1answer
42 views
What experiments can measure the eigenvalues of the particle exchange operator
In a system with two indistinguishable particles, the eigenvalue to the particle exchange operator $\hat{P_{ij}}$ is $+1$ if the two particles are exchange symmetric, ie. bosons, and $-1$ if they are ...
2
votes
1answer
129 views
Bogoliubov approximation, coherent states and particle number conservation
I am slightly confused about an aspect of the Bogoloibov approximation for BEC. In it we take:
$$a^\dagger (\vec 0)\approx \sqrt{N_0}$$
$$a(\vec 0)\approx \sqrt{N_0}$$
and find our Hamiltonian in ...
1
vote
1answer
99 views
Why is a collection of non-interacting bosons pathological?
In this lecture titled "Disorder and Interactions: From Spin Chains to Cold Atoms" the speaker Thierry Giamarchi claims that a collection of non-interacting bosons is totally pathological. His argues ...
1
vote
0answers
154 views
Can matter/antimatter “annihilation” produce “dark matter”?
I was thinking about the following reasoning: If a matter and antimatter reaction produces energy, this energy would have particles itself. I found out (reading...) that one (the main?) product are ...
0
votes
1answer
62 views
System of $N$ bosons
What precaution needs to be observed in writing down an expression for the total number of bosons $N$ valid at low temperatures?
1
vote
2answers
195 views
Boson or Fermion
How do you deduce that an atom is a fermion or a boson? Do you determine it from the number of neutrons because "electrons and protons cancel out each other in a neutral atom"? What does this have to ...
2
votes
1answer
70 views
How do you know $W$ and $Z$ bosons are really bosons and not fermions?
It has been always said that $W$ an $Z$ bosons are bosons and not fermions but is there any experimental trial that prove that? Has anyone put two of them in the same quantum state or studies have ...
