If reducing from one pipe size to another through a reducing fitting, say 6.25cm to 5cm, how do I calculate the pressure drop? Also, how does this impact a change in volumetric flow rate (or does it affect the volumetric flow rate)?
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2$\begingroup$ possible duplicate of Relation between water flow and pressure $\endgroup$ – Kyle Kanos Feb 19 '14 at 15:54
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You can calculate the pressure drop with the following formula:
$p_1 - p_2 = \frac {W^2}{2 rho}$*$(\frac {1}{A_2^2} - \frac {1}{A_1^2})$
where $W$ is the mass flow in $[\frac {kg}{s}]$,
$rho$ is the density in $[\frac {kg}{m^3}]$,
$A_1$ and $A_2$ are the cross-sectional areas before and after the reduction.
To answer Your second question: it shouldn't affect the volumetric flow rate, since the cross-sectional area is smaller, the fluid velocity increases.
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$\begingroup$ This implies that in an expansion fitting, the pressure rises? It also implies that a reduction followed by an expansion to the same size (or vice versa) would result in no net change. So this is some form of idealized flow, yes? $\endgroup$ – Sherwood Botsford Aug 25 '19 at 14:41
