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This is classical field theory. In the Majorana mass term, we have the expression $$\nu_L^T\sigma_2\nu_L \tag{1}$$ where the left-handed spinor field $\nu$ has a Grassmann-valued amplitude, i.e., $\nu = \mathcal{N} \text{(blah)}$ where $\mathcal{N}$ is a Grassmann number. How does $(1)$ not vanish? For, we can write $(1)$ as $$\nu_L^T\sigma_2\nu_L = \mathcal{N}^2\text{(blah)}=0$$ by antisymmetry of $\mathcal{N}$ with itself.

Now, say that the above problem is resolved. Then, it seems like $$\nu_L^T\sigma_2\nu_L = (\nu_L^T\sigma_2\nu_L)^T = \nu_L^T\sigma_2^T\nu_L = -\nu_L^T\sigma_2\nu_L,$$ which would again suggest that this expression does equal $0$. How does this expression not vanish given these two observations?

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Remember that $\nu_L$ is a two-component column vector with Grassmann entries $\nu_L^1$ and $\nu_L^2$, so with $$ \sigma_2 =\left[\matrix{0&-i\cr i&0}\right], $$ we have $$ \nu_L^T \sigma_2 \nu_L = \left[\matrix{\nu_L^1, &\nu_L^2}\right] \left[\matrix{0&-i\cr i&0}\right] \left[\matrix{\nu_L^1 \cr \nu_L^2}\right]= -i(\nu_L^1\nu_L^2- \nu_L^2 \nu_L^1) =-2i\nu_L^1\nu_L^2\ne0. $$

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  • $\begingroup$ Oh, so we should not assume that it is merely the amplitude that is Grassmann-valued. It is, in general, the components themselves that are Grassmann-valued? Also, are Grassmann numbers affected by transpose? I.e., is $(\mathcal{N}_1 \mathcal{N}_2)^T = \mathcal{N}_2 \mathcal{N}_1$? $\endgroup$ Commented Apr 3 at 23:30
  • $\begingroup$ I'll edit to make clear. $\endgroup$
    – mike stone
    Commented Apr 3 at 23:36
  • $\begingroup$ I guess I mean to ask a slightly separate question about taking the tranpose $(\nu_L^T \sigma_2 \nu_L)^T$, which I keep finding to be antisymmetric. However, I know this term should not vanish and so should not be antisymmetric. $\endgroup$ Commented Apr 3 at 23:38
  • $\begingroup$ There is no meaning to $(\nu_L^T\sigma_2 \nu_L)^T$. How would you transpose a number? --- Grassman or not..... Now you can define an involution such that $(ab)^*=b^*a^*$, for Grassmanns, but that is not the same as a transpose, which is a matrix operation. $\endgroup$
    – mike stone
    Commented Apr 3 at 23:41
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    $\begingroup$ The matrix in $(\nu^T\sigma \nu))$ has to be skew symmetric, and transposition interchanges the vectors being transposed, so both the interchange and the transpose gives a minus sign, making the overall sign unchanged. $\endgroup$
    – mike stone
    Commented Apr 4 at 11:53

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