Ferroelectric materials typically exhibit the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE). My question is that if a material taken as an absorber in a device which works on barrier layer photovoltaic effect (BLPVE) is a ferroelectric (or becomes ferroelectric upon phase transition by some means e.g. cation off-centering due to temperature), what possible cases would arise? I am asking this in the context of the charge accumulation found (due to such a ferroelectric presence) in a solar cell which deteriorates the cell's photovoltaic performance. Do BPVE and BLPVE compete in such cases?