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If I have a system in which I introduce 100e.u.F (energy units) derived from chemical energy (i.e. fuel) and generate thermal energy to heat water what are e.u. absorbed by water? I.e. the efficiency of the transformation?

Basically I would like to know the average/general efficiency of energy transformation for a district heating plant. Considered that the only energy input is fuel and the only energy output is heat (no electricity)?

What are the energy loss?

Thanks, Luther

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According to http://www.labplan.ufsc.br/congressos/wseas/papers/517-455.pdf (see references there): "In general, today average values for heat generator efficiencies are about 0.8-0.85 for residential equipment (< 50 kWt) and 0.9 for bigger (industrial) boilers." You should also take into account heat losses in distribution (in pipelines etc.), not just in boilers.

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