Why does the Sun feel hotter through a window? I have this big window in my room that the Sun shines through every morning. When I wake up I usually notice that the Sunlight coming through my window feels hot. Much hotter than it normally does when you're standing in it outside.  I know if the window were a magnifying glass that it would feel hotter because it is focusing the Sun's rays, but I'm pretty sure that my window doesn't focus the rays, otherwise things outside would appear distorted.
So my question is, why does Sunlight always feel hotter when it shines on you through a window than when it shines on you outside? I thought it might simply be a matter of convection, but anecdotal evidence would seem to say it still feels hotter even if you had a fan blowing on you. Am I just crazy?
 A: You were right with your original though. This is an effect purely due to a lack of convective cooling. When you are inside, there is normally very little to no airflow, which means when you stand in the sunlight and heat up due to it, the air around you will be warmed by you but isn't moving enough to be replaced with cool air and carry the heat away. Don't misunderstand, the air is moving, which is why you won't continue to build up more and more heat, your temperature will plateau. It's just that the air isn't moving enough to prevent an increase in skin temperature. When you step out of the direct sunlight, it feels cool again because now you are not being heated as much and what convective flow exists is enough to cool you to normal levels.  Additionally, there is a component that is attributed to the air being directly heated by the sunlight as well as re-radiation from heated objects (like a table or chair), but most is due to a lack of convective cooling.
As for your anecdotal evidence, I cannot comment on why it might have felt just as hot with a strong fan on you, but I can try to convince you that my answer is true. If you go outside one morning when there is little to no wind/airflow and stand in the sunlight, it will feel just as hot. Even in the winter, the sunlight will feel hot, however the air around you will have slightly more cooling power so it may still feel cold.
A: This is due to the greenhouse effect (that how a normal greenhouse works).
Glass has a low thermal conductivity, but is also transparent. So the sun light enters though the transparent window, turns in to heat, and then cannot leave outside. Trapped, the heat accumulates at the air close to the windows, and that is what you feel.
A: Most likely is its always hotter than the outside. the frames absorb heat up into the 160 plus mark  depends on where you live. 100 degrees usually about 150 degrees gained we call it solar gain. 
A: Whenever you are near a window with solar radiation, you will feel hotter even if the room you are might be cooled(lets say 65F), and its not your AC fault.
That's why even if you are near a fan like you said, the heat gain from the sun still is superior.
From ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook 2017:

Direct solar load has a major influence on perceptions of comfort
Transmitted radiation often causes discomfort if it falls directly on
the occupant. A person sitting near a window in direct solar radiation
can experience heat gain equivalent to a 20°F rise in MRT(Mean radiant temperature)
(Arens et al. 1986).

The solution that would best fit this scenario would be investing in shading.
