I don't think it's possible, so long as the speed of the wave is uniform along the medium and we clearly define what we mean by a standing wave.
Suppose that $\phi(x,t)$ is the displacement of the medium as a function of position and time. The function $\phi$ must satisfy the wave equation:
$$
c^2 \frac{\partial^2 \phi}{\partial x^2} = \frac{\partial^2 \phi}{\partial t^2}
$$
Now, the characteristic of a standing wave is that all points of the wave oscillate with a common phase, and the positions of the amplitude peaks do not change with time. This suggests that $\phi(x,t)$ should be of the form
$$
\phi(x,t) = T(t) X(x)
$$
where $T(t)$ is some oscillatory function that tells us the phase of the wave at a given time $t$, and $X(x)$ tells us how big the oscillations are at a given point $x$. (It's possible that there is a less restrictive definition of a standing wave that is possible; this assumption is what does most of the work for what follows.)
Plugging this ansatz into the wave equation leads to the conclusion that
$$
c^2\frac1X \frac{d^2 X}{d x^2} = \frac1T \frac{d^2 T}{d t^2}.
$$
Since the left-hand side of the equation depends only on $x$ while the right-hand side depends only on $t$, the only way that they can be equal is if they are both constant:
$$
c^2\frac1X \frac{d^2 X}{d x^2} = \frac1T \frac{d^2 T}{d t^2} = \alpha.
$$
In other words, we must have
$$
X'' = \frac{\alpha}{c^2} X \qquad T'' = \alpha T.
$$
But if we want $T$ to be oscillatory, then we must have $\alpha < 0$. We can define a new constant $k$ such that $\alpha = - k^2 c^2$, and so
$$
X'' = -k^2 X
$$
and so we must have
$$
X = A \cos (kx + \delta)
$$
where $A$ and $\delta$ are determined by the boundary conditions of the system. No matter what $A$ and $\delta$ are, though, the zeroes of $X$ will be evenly spaced with gaps of $\Delta x = \pi/k$ between them.
Note, however, that the above derivation would change if the speed of sound on the string is not uniform. In that case, the above equation would become
$$
X'' = -\frac{\alpha}{c^2(x)} X
$$
and while the solutions would be oscillatory, they wouldn't have evenly spaced nodes. For example, if the mass density of the string varied linearly with length, then the speed of sound would be different at different points along the string. In this case, the solutions would be Airy functions rather than sinusoids, and the zeros of Airy functions are not evenly spaced.
(You may recognize some of the above argument as part of the standard derivation for separation-of-variables solutions. Effectively, requiring that the solution act like a standing wave implies that the solution to the wave equation is separable.)
