Understanding the expansion of the universe

Question

The universe is not only thought to be expanding but the rate at which it is expanding is said to be accelerating. Which of these models (if any) is a correct way of looking at this?

Model A: Let’s pretend the universe is 100 units across and expanding by 1% per year. So each year, each of the 100 units grows to become 1.01 units and at the end of the first year, the universe is 101 units across. In the next year, if each unit grows again to become 1.01 units, then the universe will be 102.01 units across. It grew 1 unit in year 1 and 1.01 units in year two and so on -the absolute size of the universe is expanding and the expansion is accelerating.

Model B: Similar to the above except the universe is expanding by 1% in the first year, 1.1% in the second, 1.2% in the third. The universe is expanding, the expansion is accelerating and the same applies to every unit length within the universe.

Answer 1

According to mainstream cosmology even case $A$ can be an accelerating universe.

If there is exponential growth of the scale factor $a$ as in case $A$, $a=a_0e^{Ht}$ where $H$ is the Hubble parameter, assumed constant here.

the decelaration parameter $q$

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deceleration_parameter

works out negative even for a constant $H$. Negative $q$ means acceleration, as explained in the link, so the universe can be 'accelerating' even if the Hubble parameter is constant.

This is all according to traditional cosmology - and it has many problems at the moment.