Are bigger phenomena always a consequence of smaller phenomena? Not a physicist.
I am asking about causality here. If I look at matter as made of smaller chunks of matter, and there is a limited speed of information propagation, small can explain big, given a conventional time arrow.
But if matter is made of wave, the logic seems flawed. A smaller wavelength does not give birth to larger wavelength phenomena (unless other phenomena intervene).
So what do modern physics say about size, scale and causality? Is there a connection and how strong is it? Is the speed of light in the vacuum the only thing to know when asking about causality?
 A: Waves in quantum mechanics are not like ordinary waves (e.g. waves in water), instead they are much better thought of as waves of probability - they are the likelihood that the particle of matter will be found at a particular point in space. In other words, the uncertainty of a particles position. Therefore, the particle of mass (be that an electron, quark, boson etc) is not a wave - its position is wave (of probability). The interaction of these particles follow ordinary intuition about causality. This is because as they interact, the uncertainty about their position collapses to a single point and their position in space is determined.
Furthermore, these uncertainties of position are on the scale of the Planck length (incredibly small), this is why matter doesn't exhibit probabilistic wavelike behaviour (e.g. a basketball will remain in the same place you put it, and not spontaneously change position every time you look away).
To answer your question, resulting (or bigger in terms of matter) phenomena will always be a consequence of their causal (or smaller in terms of matter) phenomena, as long as time keeps going in one direction.
