If we consider a hypothetic universal time/clock independent from the laws of physics, can we say the time won't be relative if that clock is used? [closed]

Question

If we have such a clock and we use it to travel to a back hole and stay there for say 24 universal hours and we come back to the earth, is the passed time exactly the same on earth according to that clock?

I am trying to understand whether the time we refer to in physics is somehow related to the life/vibration/movement of the quantum particles.

Some people reported my question as off-topic. This is not off topic and I'm not talking about a new theory of my own!! I am trying to understand the concept of time in physics.

People who keep talking about my hypothetical clock they don't understand my question. It's not about the clock, it's just a hypothetical clock to understand something else.

My question is about having a clock with different rate as opposed to atomic clock.

So if an astronaut and his brother have the same type of clock, would they still experience different time relative to each other?

I understand that the astronaut is made off cells which is made off quantum particles so yes his body will definitely experience a slowed-down time relative to his brother.

However, my question is more about the measure of that time. So for example, we said every 60 oscillation of pendulum is 1 minute. Now this measurement can vary according to relativity in different location or at different speed, so now if our clock is not based on the local elements, would that be used as a universal clock (regardless of what the body of the astronaut is experiencing)?

Answer 1

The concept of time in physics originates with the observation that certain physical processes are repetitive. In the history of the measurement of time a series of these repetitive processes have been used as increasingly accurate and regular benchmarks. In the first instance it was the cycle of day and night, followed by the beats of a pendulum, the oscillations of a quartz crystal, and most recently the frequency of electromagnetic waves emitted by electrons moving between energy levels in an atom. A clock is simply a device that measures the passage of time by counting the repetitions of one of these physical processes (so a calendar is a type of primitive clock, just a very slow and not very precise one).

All of which means that you cannot have a clock that is “independent from the laws of physics”.

It is, of course, possible to build clocks that run at different rates and measure time in different places. A clock on a spaceship that adjusted its rate according to the spacecraft’s speed relative to earth (as measured by inertial guidance or Doppler shift) could keep track of “earth time” rather than local time in the spaceship. Even simpler, you could synchronise a clock with time signals sent from earth, adjusted for the distance they have travelled. Keeping track of earth time in a spaceship is not conceptually difficult, but it is not telling us anything special either.