How to measure gauge boson? note that it's taught that in standard model particles that mediated weak interaction force are gauge bosons: vector particles, spin 1, take one charge.
I'm wondering how to prove these properties in experiment?
 A: Gauge bosons are part of the quantum mechanical models built in order to fit an enormous amount of data gathered with particle physics experiments. In that sense they have been measured in experiments by that data since the establishment as mainstream  of the standard model of physics. All the particles in the table are considered measured, because with out their definite existence in the behavior of the data, the model would be falsified. All new experiments are mainly validating the model.
Here is the measurement of the Z particle, identified with the electroweak broken symmetry gauge boson.

There are many resonances in the $e^+e^-$ crossection, but only the Z fits the model predictions.
In the same way, in the interactions many resonances have been measured, but only $W^+$ and $^-W$ fit the model predictions.

I'm wondering how to prove these properties in experiment?

The properties are proven because the observed resonances, together with all the other discovered, fit the predictions of the standard model.
