# (Coleman many-body Chapter 8) Validity of near-Fermi-surface approximation

In the Chapter 8 of Coleman's many-body physics book, he argues as follows. In the impurity problem, the approximate self-energy can be written as (8.89). I have no problem until this part. However, I cannot understand the yellow-marked part. More specifically,

(1) Why can we consider only near the Fermi surface in quantitative/mathematical sense? From the very expression (8.89), the summation $$\mathbf k'$$ is over all possible momenta! I think the difference of the value of $$\Sigma(\mathbf k, i\omega_n)$$ (Note that the book writes $$\Sigma(i\omega_n)$$ but I think the argument $$\mathbf k$$ is missing in the book.) by ignoring far-from-Fermi-surface contribution is not small.

(2) Why the non-constancy of the DoS $$N(\epsilon)$$ only affects the real part of the self-energy? Though not seen from the picture, the book also argues that extending the integration range to infinity is an approximation which neglects terms of order $$1/ \epsilon_F \tau$$. (Here $$\tau$$ is the scattering rate defined in (3).) Why is it?

(3) One more problem is that the real part of the integral in the last line, namely $$\int_{-\infty}^\infty \frac{1}{i\omega_n-\epsilon} d\epsilon$$ is divergent! (More specifically, the real part diverges and the imaginary part converges as the value in the book.) How the book treats this problem? Though not seen from the picture, the book defines the scattering rate as $$1/\tau = 2\pi n_i u_0^2$$.

In the last integral he is tacitly defining $$\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \frac{1}{i\omega +\epsilon} d\epsilon = \lim_{\Lambda\to \infty} \left[ \int_{-\Lambda}^{\Lambda} \frac{1}{i\omega +\epsilon} d\epsilon\right] =- i\pi \,{\rm sgn}( \omega).$$ He probably should have said that he is taking a symmetric cutoff so that the real part $$\int_{-\Lambda}^{\Lambda} \frac{\epsilon }{\omega^2 +\epsilon^2} d\epsilon$$ is zero by symmetry.