# How can I prove that the Noether charge represents actually conservation of electric charge?

I have a question about Noether's theorem for global gauge invariance of a complex scalar field. Starting from $$$$\mathscr{L} = \partial_{\mu}\Phi \partial^{\mu}\Phi^{*} + \frac{m^2c^2}{2\hbar^2}\Phi\Phi^{*},$$$$ since the field is invariant globally I have a conserved quantity which express conservation of charge. The conserved current for the above field is $$$$J^{\mu} = i\lambda(\Phi \partial^{\mu}\Phi^{*} - \Phi^{*}\partial^{\mu}\Phi),$$$$ which means my conserved quantity at a certain time is $$$$Q = \int{J^0}d^3x = i\lambda\int{\bigg(\Phi \frac{\partial}{\partial t}\Phi^{*} - \Phi^{*}\frac{\partial}{\partial t}\Phi}\bigg)d^3x = constant.$$$$

I considered the surface part of the integral removed by surface extension to infinity, in which I consider it zero. My question is: how can I prove that the integrand above represents actually conservation of electric charge?

I supposed I could explain it by not removing the spacial integral and recall Gauss theorem or redefining the $$\lambda$$ parameter, but this could be done also for other conserved quantities which do not represent conservation of electric charge. So what can be a way I can prove it?

• In your third equation prefactors are missing. – my2cts Jan 17 '20 at 22:47
• $\lambda = e/2m$. – my2cts Jan 17 '20 at 22:51

2. The Maxwell equations with sources (Gauss's + Ampere's laws) are derived by adding the Maxwell Lagrangian $$-\frac{1}{4}F_{\mu\nu}F^{\mu\nu}$$ to a minimally coupled, gauge-invariant matter Lagrangian, and vary wrt. the 4-gauge potential $$A_{\mu}$$.