Why only plane polarized light is absorbed in polarized glasses? Polarizing glasses can cancel out the light that is reflected from either the horizontal plane or the vertical plane. But why it can not cancel out the light that is reflected from the perpendicular plane?

 A: A typical polarizing filter contains light-absorbing molecules that are long and thin, all oriented in one direction.  An individual molecule is electrically conductive along its length, so absorbs light whose electric field vector is oriented in the direction of the molecule's length.  Light that is plane-polarized with the electric field in that direction is absorbed, while light plane-polarized in an orthogonal direction is not absorbed.
Any light that can be represented as consisting of two plane-polarized components (e.g., light whose polarization is circular, elliptical, or random) is converted to linearly polarized light by passing through that kind of polarizing filter.  The light that emerges from the filter is all plane-polarized in the direction orthogonal to the absorption axis of the filter.
It is interesting to note that light polarized at 45 degrees to vertical can be considered to contain two components polarized in the vertical and horizontal directions. So, light polarized at 45 degrees is only partly absorbed by a polarizing filter that absorbs at 0 degrees: light emerges that is polarized at 90 degrees.
Light that reflects at an angle of about 54 degrees away from normal from a smooth glass (or plastic, water, or even stone) surface is polarized with its electric vector parallel to the surface.  So, in your photo light reflected from the tabletop has horizontal polarization, while light reflected from the vertical surfaces has vertical polarization. So, if you tip your head 90 degrees, or rotate your polarizing glasses 90 degrees, you will find that reflections from vertical surfaces will be absorbed while reflections from horizontal surfaces will be transmitted. Light that is reflected multiple times can have its polarization direction rotated to almost any angle.
