Why doesn't an accelerating body on collision come to rest immediately? [closed]

Question

Let us consider two bodies (A and B) lying on a surface at a certain distance from each other. Let A be accelerating to the right, towards B and hence, the force experienced by A be F. When A collides with B, A would exert force F on B and thereby also experience a force F in the opposite direction by the third law of motion. This should bring A to rest immediately. However that isn't the case in reality. An accelerating body on collision doesn't come to rest immediately. Why?

Edit: The force that was accelerating A would remain there throughout the process.

Answer 1

Since the total momentum in a closed system is conserved, it follows that:

$p_A + p_B$ = $p'_A + p'_B$

where $p_{A,B}$ is the momentum of body A/B before the collision and $p'_{A,B}$ after the collision.

Since $p = m \cdot v$:

$m_A \cdot v_A + m_B \cdot v_B = m_A \cdot v'_A + m_B \cdot v'_B$

In your question you only mentioned, that body A is being accelerated, so we will set $v_B = 0$.

If you now want to achieve that body A will be standing still instantly after the collision, $v'_A$ has to be equal to $0$. Putting this into the above equation yields:

$m_A \cdot v_A = m_B \cdot v'_B$

As long as this equation is satisfied, body A will be at rest after the collision.

P.S. $v_A = \int_{t=0}^{t_{impact}} \frac{F(t)}{m_A} dt.$

Remeber, that this is a very simplified case, because in a real-world situation other effects -- e.g. drag, friction, etc. -- would have to be considered. Furthermore, I assumed that the force acting on body A will stop acting on A as soon as the collision happens.

Answer 2

As you've stated, Newton's third law of motion would tell us that the forces experienced by A at the point of collision are equal and opposite (The original force being applied to A is still being applied, while B is also exerting the same force in the opposite direction). This would mean that there is no net force being applied to A because they cancel each other out.

However, this does not mean that the object will come to rest because there is no net force. Thinking independently of the collision itself, Newton's first law would tell us that A will remain in motion because there is no net force to slow it down, and it will stop accelerating because there is no net force to speed it up.

Thinking with the collision, what actually happens at that point will depend on the masses of A and B, and applying the conservation of momentum to them, but if the same force that was being applied to A is still being applied after the collision, it will continue to accelerate after the collision as it was before it.