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  1. What are the ground state wavefunctions of the anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) Heisenberg spin chains?

Is that which of the following? $$| ↑↓↑↓ · · · ↑↓>$$ or $$| ↓↑↓↑ . . . ↓↑>$$ or $$| ↑↓↑↓ · · · ↑↓> +| ↓↑↓↑ . . . ↓↑>$$ or $$| ↑↓↑↓ · · · ↑↓> - | ↓↑↓↑ . . . ↓↑>$$

  1. What are the number of ground states?

  2. What are the Neel states?

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  • $\begingroup$ Which spin - spin 1/2, spin 1, ... ? $\endgroup$ – Norbert Schuch Nov 8 '18 at 21:10
  • $\begingroup$ @Nobert Both cases, spin 1/2 and spin 1 $\endgroup$ – annie marie heart Dec 30 '18 at 0:25
  • $\begingroup$ You are aware that the physics of integer and half-integer Heisenberg chains is fundamentally different? $\endgroup$ – Norbert Schuch Dec 30 '18 at 0:27
  • $\begingroup$ Yes. Spin-1/2: One is gapless like O(3) NLSM. Spin-1: The other is gapped, either trivial or Haldane phase. $\endgroup$ – annie marie heart Dec 30 '18 at 0:30
  • $\begingroup$ Wonder how to view the wavefunction. $\endgroup$ – annie marie heart Dec 30 '18 at 0:30

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