Optics Paradox? Imagine we have two lens, one convex and one concave, spaced in such a way that the convex lens is before the concave lens. Now each lens has its own focus length and both are spaced such that the concave lens focus is to the right of the convex's. Furthermore, imagine that an arrow with a real length (in the  $+y$-direction) is placed at the focus of the convex lens. 
It seems that the rays that are incident on the convex lens will be redirected so as to emerge parallel to the optical axis. The image will then appear to be coming from infinite to the concave lens. Now these rays, once going through the concave lens, will diverge with the rays appearing to come from the concave lens focal point. 
The question is: what is the magnification of the arrow by the optical system? In other words, can the arrow have a magnification and if so, how?
 A: I suspect you're worrying about the appearance of infinities in the equations. For example the equation for the concave lens with the object at the focal point $f$ gives:
$$ \frac{1}{f} + \frac{1}{v} = \frac{1}{f} $$
and therefore $v$ = infinity. This leaves you wondering how to calculate the magnification for the second step. If you want to do this rigorously put the object at $f + \delta$, where $\delta$ is some small distance that you'll eventually set to zero. The equation for the first (concave) lens now gives:
$$ \frac{1}{f + \delta} + \frac{1}{v} = \frac{1}{f} $$
so:
$$ \frac{1}{v} = \frac{1}{f} - \frac{1}{f + \delta} $$
The image from the concave lens become the object for the convex lens, so take this expression for $1/v$ and put it in the convex lens equation as $1/u$:
$$ \frac{1}{f} - \frac{1}{f + \delta} + \frac{1}{v} = \frac{1}{-F} $$
where $F$ is the focal length of the convex lens. A quick rearrangement gives:
$$ \frac{1}{v} = \frac{1}{f + \delta} - \frac{1}{f} - \frac{1}{F} $$
and now set $\delta$ to zero and we get:
$$ \frac{1}{v} = - \frac{1}{F} $$
so the image is a virtual image at a distance $F$, which is exactly what you'd expect since parallel rays form a virtual image at the focal point. The magnification is just the distance of the final (virtual) image divided by the distance of the original object, i.e. $F/f$.
