There's an episode of Through the Wormhole called Will Eternity End? which presents many theories about the nature of time.
It is the 9th episode of the 3rd season. I watched it a couple of times, and there's an experiment which is described at the 33m20seg timestamp, reportedly made by Jeff Tollaksen, Yakir Aharonov and others, that appears to defy causality. Here's the transcription of it:
[Tollaksen] But coming from the future, we're saying the present is created out of a combination of the forward evolving and the backward evolving.
[Freeman] As radical as it sounds, Jeff, Yakir, and their colleagues have now tested this idea in the lab.
They give a series of very gentle magnetic nudges to subatomic particles. They measure them at 2:00 and then at 2:30.
They do this over and over again.
Some but not all of the particles are also measured again at 3:00.
And what they found is that taking their measurement at 3:00 seemed to influence the apparently random readings they got at 2:30.
The future seemed to affect the present, even though it hadn't happened yet.
[Tollaksen] If you're trying to understand the present moment, the past is relevant, as we knew before, but the future is just as relevant to the present as the past.
[Freeman] So far, these experiments have only been carried out on the microscopic level, and the effects of the future on the present are very subtle.
Has such experiment actually been carried out?
