Can speed of light be $c$ in air or other medium? I know that the speed of light in a vacuum is $c\sim 3\ 10^8\ \mathrm{m/s}$, but I also know that speed of light in a medium (e.g., air) is less than that in vacuum.
Special relativity says that speed of light is same to all observers in any frame of reference. So does this also follow in a medium?
The wavelenght $\lambda$ and frequency $f$ of a wave are related through
$$
v=\lambda f
$$
where $v$ is the velocity of the wave.
Shouldn't this mean that different frequencies and wavelengths of light will have different speeds NOT equal to $c$.
How does all this fit with special relativity?


Note: My question is NOT how to move faster than light. I want to know that does special relativity apply between media/mediums.
Note 2: Pay attention to my second question too (about $\lambda$ and $v$ relation)
 A: Light always travels at a (local) velocity of $c$, but light in a medium is not just light, and that's why its velocity can be lower than $c$.
Light is an oscillating electromagnetic field, and when it passes though anything that contains charged particles (i.e. any matter made from electrons and protons) the electric field of the light interacts with those charges. When the light interacts with the charges we have to describe the light/matter system by a new wavefunction that includes all the interacting components. This means the light is not longer purely light - we have a quantum system that mixes up the light with the charged particles. This mixing produces a quasiparticle called a polariton that has a non-zero mass particle so it moves at less than the speed of light.
The frequency of the light can't change, so the reduction in velocity means that the wavelength is decreased.
Finally, in general the interaction of the light with the medium is frequency dependent so the velocity of the light in the medium is frequency dependent. This produces the optical phenomenon called dispersion.
A: No, all observers do not agree on the speed of a beam of light in a medium.
However, that fact doesn't break special relativity's edict that the laws of physics are the same in all inertial frames of reference.  The presence of the medium might make it more convenient to express the laws of physics in an inertial frame of reference in which the medium is at rest, because some values will nicely simply be zero in that frame of reference, but that choice of frame of reference is still just an arbitrary choice.
Even in the presence of a medium, all observers will still agree on the value of the physical constant $c$, and agree on the correctness of any physical law in which $c$ appears.  All observers also agree on a particular beam of light's four-velocity $U$ as a geometric object, although they express the components of that four-velocity differently just because they're using different coordinate systems.  The components of $U$ are related between two inertial frames of reference by a Lorentz transformation, just like any other four-vector.  All observers also agree that the magnitude of $U$ (the square root of $U$'s spacetime interval) is the same constant $c$.  And all observers also agree that the relativistic velocity addition formula correctly expresses the relationship between the beam of light's velocity, the velocity of the beam relative to the medium, and the velocity of the medium.
A: The speed of light in a vacuum (or the constant c) is what is the same to all observers in a reference frame. It is possible to move faster than the speed of light within a medium (see: Cherenkov radiation).
