Are there conserved quantities in field theory which don't arise from Noether's Theorem?

In some QFT texts one writes down the number operator $N$ for free theories, such that when acting on an $n$-particle state $|n\rangle$ we have

$$N|n\rangle=n|n\rangle$$

In free theories this is a conserved quantity. However I have never seen this quantity derived by using Noether's theorem, i.e. as a consequence of the invariance of the action under some transformation of the fields or coordinates.

Is it possible to derive the number operator via Noether's theorem? If not, is it possible for a theory to have more conserved quantities than just those accessible to Noether's theorem?

• For the generic question of whether every conserved quantity arises from a symmetry, see this question. – ACuriousMind Jan 8 '16 at 21:01
• @AccidentalFourierTransform This isn't true. The Number operator is a conserved quantity in the free real Klein Gordon theory and your transformation is not a symmetry of the corresponding action. Your transformation corresponds to the charge of a complex scalar. – Okazaki Jan 8 '16 at 21:02
• @AccidentalFourierTransform In complex phi four theory, sure. But that's not what I'm asking. Indeed I can get the number operator in the complex case by this transformation, but I'm talking in general. Your transformation doesn't work for real Klein Gordon theory, for example, nor for pure non-interacting Maxwell theory. – Okazaki Jan 8 '16 at 21:14
• @bechira At least in the case of complex Klein Gordon theory the charger operator $Q$ can be derived from Noether's theorem. $Q$ is also equal to $N$ up to an irrelevant constant term. In particular [Q.H]=0 follows from quantizing the classical Noether charge, so it does have a classical counterpart. But Q=N+c from which we have that [N,H]=0. But this seems very odd if we state "something with classical counterpart = something with no classical counterpart + constant". – Okazaki Jan 8 '16 at 21:22